http://www.dsti.net/Information/News/66170
美國陸軍官員強調對地面戰車的發展需求
2011-03-18
    [據法國《防務宇航》2011年3月17日報導]    美國陸軍官員在2011年3月9日向國會人員表明，陸軍需要能夠應用新技術的新型下一代地面戰車，它能夠防禦多種當前和未來的威脅，並可搭載9人步兵班運往全譜戰場。該車將採用新技術，能夠根據威脅水準加裝或者拆卸裝甲防護元件，還將吸取從伊拉克和阿富汗獲取的經驗教訓，確保戰車能夠適應全譜環境。

    針對美國眾議院軍事委員會的小組委員會成員向陸軍官員質疑地面戰車研發的必要性，陸軍副參謀長宣稱，到目前為止陸軍已經證實了地面戰車研發的必要性，並指出陸軍需要一款增強防護能力和具備更強車載動力的車型。由於升級型“佈雷德利”步兵戰車不能搭載9人步兵班，這是陸軍實施軍事行動的關鍵需求，而且當前車輛也不能適應裝甲防護、電腦和網路技術的未來發展，其尺寸、重量和動力明顯限制了升級改進。與“佈雷德利”步兵戰車不同，地面戰車可在滿載時能夠向戰場運送9人步兵班，除了能夠應對預期未來的威脅外，還能適應伊拉克和阿富汗的作戰環境。

    陸軍目前正在評估工業競標團隊根據最新版地面戰車專案需求建議書遞交的競標申請。新版需求建議書概述了地面戰車專案的4項優先權：部隊防護，確保新車型能夠防禦各種當前和未來的威脅；容量，該車在裝甲下能夠搭載9人步兵班運往戰場；全譜作戰，具備模組化裝甲、開放式結構和升級潛力；進度，確保能夠在簽訂技術開發合同後的7年內交付首輛生產型車輛。該建議書還指出需要成熟技術和明確的成本目標，規定單車製造成本為900萬到1050萬美元，單位里程（每英里）的全壽命週期費用為200美元。 （北方科技資訊研究所 王桂芝）

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/123561/us-army-stresses-need-for-ground-combat-vehicle.html
Army Leaders Stress Need for Ground Combat Vehicle 
 
 
(Source: US Army; issued March 16, 2011)
 
  
 
 WASHINGTON --- Army leaders told members of Congress March 9 that the service needs a new, next-generation Ground Combat Vehicle able to accommodate new technologies as they emerge, defend against a wide range of current and future threats and deliver a full nine-man squad under armor into the full spectrum of military operations.

Speaking before the Tactical Air and Land subcommittee of the House Armed Services Committee, Gen. Peter Chiarelli, vice chief of staff of the Army, said the GCV will be designed with lessons learned from Iraq and Afghanistan.

"The Ground Combat Vehicle takes into account all of the lessons we have learned over the last ten years of warfare and ensures that we have a combat vehicle that will allow us to fight in a full-spectrum environment," Chiarelli said.

Members of the subcommittee questioned Army leaders about the need for the new vehicle. "So far the Army has justified the need for the Ground Combat Vehicle by pointing out that they need a vehicle with increased protection and more on-board power," said Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, who went on to ask why upgrades to the Bradley Fighting Vehicle would not be sufficient.

Army leaders underscored the need for development of a Ground Combat Vehicle, as an upgraded Bradley does not have the capacity to deliver a nine-man infantry squad into battle -- a critical requirement, they said, given how the Army conducts operations. 

Army leaders also stressed that current vehicles cannot accommodate future advances in the areas of armor protection, computing and networking technologies. The size, weight and power considerations impose clear limits on how much current vehicles can be upgraded, they said.

Speaking before the Senate Armed Service Committee March 3, Gen. Martin Dempsey, TRADOC commander and nominee to be chief of staff of the Army, told lawmakers that the Ground Combat Vehicle represents a process of change.

"I think the Ground Combat Vehicle is prototypical, not only of the next generation of a ground combat vehicle, but of a process change and that's how we should look at it. The Bradley has been a venerable part of our inventor, but it has reached its maximum capacity in weight and energy," Dempsey said.

Also, unlike the Bradley, the Ground Combat Vehicle will be designed to deliver a full nine-man squad under armor to the battlefield, something considered crucial to the Army's ability to conduct fire and maneuver in close-quarters fighting in complex terrain, Army officials said.

Maintaining small tactical unit integrity is consistent with the Army's Operating Concept which calls for Combined Arms Maneuver and Wide Area Security - ideas which underscore the expectation that the Army will need to move small units across a non-linear battlefield able to conduct a full range of military operations.

Keeping the nine-man squad intact allows company commanders and platoon leaders to better focus on command of operations and not constrain their movement and positioning due to transporting squad members, service officials said.

Furthermore, the Ground Combat Vehicle would be of critical assistance in today's current combat environments in Iraq and Afghanistan in addition to being helpful against anticipated future threats, Chiarelli explained.

The Ground Combat Vehicle will be built with an incremental ability to add or remove armor protections as dictated by the threat level and what becomes available by way of new technologies, he said.

"We see Ground Combat Vehicle as a vehicle for the future and for today. A vehicle that can add capability packages and add armor as it may be needed for a firefight or shed the armor when it is not needed," said Chiarelli. "Through incremental builds we want to put new technologies on the vehicle as they become proven and capable."

The Army is now evaluating proposals submitted by industry bidders in response to the recently release Request for Proposal which delineates the requirements for the vehicle.

The RFP outlines four big priorities for the Ground Combat Vehicle:

--force protection - to ensure the new vehicle can protect Soldiers against a wide range of current and future threats;
--capacity- the ability to transport a nine-Soldier Infantry Squad to the battle, under armor;
---full-spectrum operations - modular armor, open architecture, and growth potential;
-- designed to ensure the vehicle is delivered to Soldiers within seven years from the contract award.

Lt. Gen. Bill Phillips, principal military deputy to the assistant secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics and Technology), told the subcommittee that the Army re-worked the RFP in order to properly align, prioritize and "tier" the requirements and focus on mature technologies.

"We re-characterized all of the requirements - there were over 900. We came up with about 130 that were critical to make sure we had the big four capabilities inside the Ground Combat Vehicle," he said.

The Army plans to award up to three 24-month Technology Demonstration contracts.

The RFP outlines the need for mature technology and clear cost goals. The RFP states that the government intends to hit a target unit-manufacturing cost of $9-10.5 million per vehicle with operational sustainment costs of $200 per mile.

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