http://www.dsti.net/Information/News/68294
奧什科什公司將為美陸軍提供新型重型戰術車輛
2011-06-14
    [據法國《防務宇航》2011年6月13日報導]    奧什科什防禦公司接到來自美國坦克及機動車輛壽命管理司令部的訂單，為美國陸軍交付超過730輛重型戰術車輛（Heavy Tactical Vehicles，FHTV），其中包括新的和改造的A4重型增程機動戰術卡車（Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck，HEMTT）和新的A1重型設備運輸車（Heavy Equipment Transporter，HET）。

    為了滿足最新型HEMTT A4戰術卡車的配置需求，改造後的該車懸掛系統得到了改善，並且在駕駛室加裝了空調和預備裝甲，此外動力傳動系統的功率也更加強大。為了給政府節省開支，該車採用了新部件、新技術和一個新的“零小時/零公里”一輛接一輛品質保證。作為美國陸軍的戰場供給裝備改造（Theater Provided Equipment Refurbishment，TPER）項目的一部分，奧什科什公司已經改造了超過2000輛重型車輛，其中還包括一些其他製造商生產的車輛。

    HET設計用於快速運輸作戰坦克、作戰和救援車、裝甲車和建築設備以及乘員。奧什科什公司最新的HET A1車的配置包括更強的動力系統、六座預備裝甲駕駛室、高容量前懸掛、電子升級和改善的診斷和標準空調系統。 （北方科技資訊研究所 孫毅）

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/126228/oshkosh-to-supply-over-730-fhtv-heavy-vehicles-to-us-army.html
Oshkosh Defense to Supply New and Recapitalized Heavy Tactical Vehicles for U.S. Army
 
 
(Source: Oshkosh Defense; issued June 9, 2011)
 
  
 
 OSHKOSH, Wis. --- Oshkosh Defense, a division of Oshkosh Corporation, will deliver more than 730 trucks from the U.S. Army’s Family of Heavy Tactical Vehicles (FHTV), including new and recapitalized Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) A4s and new Heavy Equipment Transporter (HET) A1s, following orders from TACOM Life Cycle Management Command (LCMC).

Oshkosh recently reached a major milestone with more than 10,000 heavy and medium-payload vehicles restored to zero-hours, zero-miles condition for the U.S. Army, National Guard and Marine Corps. Oshkosh recapitalizes and remanufactures vehicles for the U.S. military as part of the company’s extensive life-cycle support and aftermarket services program. Through recapitalization, heavily used vehicles are stripped to their frame rails and rebuilt to like-new condition.

“The restoration of more than 10,000 military-class vehicles is a significant achievement in our continuing support of the military’s fleet management strategy,” said Mike Ivy, vice president and general manager of Army Programs for Oshkosh Defense. “Oshkosh Defense has recapitalized and retrofit vehicles for more than 40 years, significantly increasing their life-span and offering great value to military customers, and equipping soldiers with the latest vehicle safety, survivability, and mobility technologies.”

To meet the latest HEMTT A4 configuration, the suspension in the recapitalized vehicle is improved and a fully air-conditioned and armor-ready cab is installed, in addition to a more powerful drivetrain. The vehicles have new components, new technology and a new “zero hours/zero miles” bumper-to-bumper warranty, at a considerable cost savings to the government. Oshkosh also has refurbished more than 2,000 heavy-payload vehicles in theater, including vehicles originally built by other manufacturers, as part of the Army’s Theater Provided Equipment Refurbishment (TPER) program.

The HEMTT A4 is the backbone of the Army’s logistics and resupply fleet, and is available in multiple variants for a wide range of operations. The Light Equipment Transporter (LET) variant is included in the orders and is equipped with durable components to provide optimal maneuverability and versatility in rugged terrain. Its anti-lock braking system, traction and air-ride suspension allow troops to navigate wherever the mission demands while transporting light-duty equipment.

The HET is designed to rapidly transport battle tanks, fighting and recovery vehicles, armored vehicles and construction equipment, as well as their crews, so they arrive in mission-ready condition. The latest Oshkosh HET A1 configuration includes increased horsepower, a six-person armor ready cab, higher capacity front suspension, electrical upgrades, and improved diagnostics and standard air conditioning.

The U.S. Army’s heavy fleet, currently in production by Oshkosh Defense, also includes the Palletized Load System (PLS). Production of the new HEMTT A4s and HETs on these awards is expected to begin in April 2012 and be completed in September 2012. Recapitalization of the HEMTT A4s began in May and is scheduled to be completed in September 2012. Together, these orders have a value of more than $252 million.

Oshkosh Defense, a division of Oshkosh Corporation, is an industry-leading global designer and manufacturer of tactical military trucks and armored wheeled vehicles, delivering a full product line of conventional and hybrid vehicles, advanced armor options, proprietary suspensions and vehicles with payloads that can exceed 70 tons. Oshkosh Defense provides a global service and supply network including full life-cycle support and remanufacturing, and its vehicles are recognized the world over for superior performance, reliability and protection.

-ends-

http://www.dsti.net/Information/News/67665
全球裝甲車和反簡易爆炸裝置車輛市場預測
2011-05-18
    [據法國《防務宇航》2011年5月17日報導]    近日，ASD報告公司發佈了全球裝甲車輛和反簡易爆炸裝置車輛2011～2021年市場預測報告。該報告詳細分析了未來10年全球裝甲車和反簡易爆炸裝置車輛市場的情況，對各個國家和主要地區的市場規模進行了預測，並分析了裝甲車輛的技術和市場趨勢。該報告還分析了影響裝甲車輛和反簡易爆炸裝置車輛需求的因素，以及車輛工業所面臨的挑戰。

    未來幾年，隨著阿富汗和伊拉克軍事行動的結束，全球裝甲車和反簡易爆炸裝置車輛市場規模將以每年0.43%的幅度下降，預計2011年為251億美元，2021年為241億美元，2011～2021年銷售總額為2650億美元。儘管財政赤字居高不下，未來十年北美國家在全球裝甲車輛市場所占的份額最大，達到31.9%。由於面臨巨額債務，歐洲國家對裝甲車輛的需求也將有所下降，市場份額約為26.5%。

    強勁的經濟增長、領土爭端、地區兵力規模較大，所有這些因素都預示著未來十年亞洲地區對裝甲車輛的需求量較大，在全球市場中所占的份額為24.1%。中東地區油價的高漲和經濟的快速發展將推動該地區對裝甲車輛的需求不斷增加，該地區所占的市場份額預計為8.8%。

    未來十年，南美國家將繼續對武裝部隊進行現代化改造，重點是空軍和海軍，以及電子和電腦作戰能力，相比之下，該地區對裝甲車的需求將略有下降，在全球車輛市場中所占的份額僅為4.7%。2011～2021年，非洲對裝甲車輛的需求依然強勁，主要驅動因素是發現了新的礦源和油田，並存在領土和種族衝突。但是，由於非洲國家國防預算規模較小，該地區在全球裝甲車輛市場所占的份額較小，僅為4.1%。
(北方科技資訊研究所，王東梅)

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/125452/world-10_year-armored-vehicle-market-valued-at-%24265-billion.html
The Global Armored Vehicles and Counter IED Vehicles Market 2011–2021
 
 
(Source: ASD Reports; issued May 16, 2011)
 
  
 
 This report offers detailed analysis of the global armored and counter improvised explosive device (C-IED) vehicles market over the next ten years, and provides extensive market size forecasts by country and sub sector. It covers the key technological and market trends in the armored vehicles market. It further lays out an analysis of the factors influencing the demand for armored and counter IED vehicles, and the challenges faced by industry participants.

Key Highlights

-- Global armored and counter IED vehicles market is expected to decline at a CARC of -0.43%

-- The global armored and counter IED vehicles market has an estimated value of US$25.1 billion for 2011. The market is expected to decline during the forecast period, as global operations in Afghanistan and Iraq are expected to end during this time. The market is expected to register a CARC of -0.43% during the forecast period, to reach US$24.1 billion by 2021. The cumulative market value for armored vehicles and counter IED vehicles during the forecast period is estimated at US$265 billion.

-- Despite the high fiscal deficit of North American countries, this region is expected to account for the largest share of the armored vehicles market during the forecast period, with a share of 31.9%. Countries in Europe are also facing high fiscal debt, which will reflect in the declining market for armored vehicles during the forecast period.

-- Europe is expected to account for 26.5% of the total armored vehicles market during this time. Strong economic growth, territorial disputes, domestic violence and the large troop size of regional forces will create a significant demand for armored vehicles in Asia, which will account for a share of 24.1% of the total armored vehicles market during the forecast period. Soaring oil prices and high economic development in the Middle East is expected to be reflected in the demand for armored vehicles in the region, which will account for 8.8% of the total armored vehicles market during the forecast period.

-- South American countries are expected to modernize their armed forces over the forecast period; and their main modernization priority is expected to be on the air force and navy, and for other electronic and cyber warfare capabilities. As a result, the demand for armored vehicles in the region will witness a slight increase, and South America will account for just 4.7% of the global armored vehicles market during the forecast period.

-- The demand for armored vehicles in Africa is expected to be strong in the forecast period, driven by the discovery of new mineral and oil resources, and territorial and ethnic disputes. However, the small defense budget of countries in the region will result in a small market share of 4.1%.

-ends-

http://news.gpwb.gov.tw/newsgpwb_2009/news.php?css=3&nid=165689&rtype=2
2011/02/20   美軍新型戰術車 防護、性能、載重設計優異

 
初始階段強調在武器防護、增強燃油效率、更大載重然後再逐步增強其他功能 來自各供應商的原型車已經開始測試 且重修規範來降低技術風險
延續上週本專欄針對美國政府審計局（GAO）報告討論輪型車輛的議題，本週主要評估聯合輕型戰術車輛。 （編按）（文接上週）
美國陸軍與海軍陸戰隊對JLTV型車輛的研發是採漸進方式，初始階段強調在武器防護、增強燃油效率、更大載重，然後再逐步增強其他功能。現階段計畫採購第一批六千零三百八十三輛，分成三種類型，類型A是載種三千五百磅、用於運輸監偵單位，類型B載重四千至四千五百磅，運輸步兵、武器、安全部隊及戰術指揮與管制單位，類型C載重可達五千一百磅、用於戰鬥支援與救護等任務。
比悍馬車更好的防護
JLTV設計理念是用於保護乘員免於地雷或火砲的危害，此功能也是其他戰術輪型車輛（TWV, tactical wheeled vehicle）所沒有的。與他種TWV相比，JLTV將會在人員保護、載重及性能方面取得平衡，以保護運輸部隊及增加載重能量。在性能方面，JLTV在迴轉半徑、越野速度、加速、最短航程、動力與離地距離等都比M-ATV與悍馬車優異。
與防雷反伏擊全地形車（M-ATV）不同的是，悍馬車是用直升機加以運輸，而JLTV也朝此規劃。JLTV的防護能力、尤其是車體下部，比裝甲悍馬車（UAH, up-armored HMMWV）更加優異。一般多用途的JLTV其載重最小為3,500磅，若作為裝備運輸使用，則載重可達5,100磅。這些能力與M-ATV相當，但比悍馬車優異。
運輸與可靠度是計畫的風險
和M-ATV不同的是，JLTV的發展係視未來需要依技術發展方向來決定是否符合提案要求。軍種並不直接研發JLTV有關的技術，而是由有興趣的供應商利用現有或創新的技術於原型車中，其目的是使這些成熟技術與所提供的測試資料，能夠用來評估JLTV所需規範的技術問題。這些測試所得的資訊可用於如火力防護、運輸能力、可靠度與可修護性、及技術表現等重要規範評估。
陸軍測試與評估指揮部目前在Ab-erdeen與Yuma兩個營區進行JLTV的測試。裝甲樣本的彈道測試於二○○九年九月開始，目前已經完成，但結果還未能加以利用。車殼的彈道測試十二月於Aberdeen開始。而三家合約商已於二○一○年五月送交原型車到Aberdeen與Yuma兩個營區進行測試。
為俾利採購作業執行，在進入工程製造階段前，JLTV計畫必須達到需求與可用資源的平衡。不論提議的需求是否符合包含現有技術的可用資源，在技術研發階段的其他時程，計畫方向會透過系統工程過程來決定。假若無法相互配合，則會調整需求至可達成的目標或增加可能的資源。在重點時程B所得到來解決這些問題的資訊是達成JLTV計畫的主要因素。此資訊包含完整的初步設計檢視、系統工程分析與既有技術評估。對於要達成主要規劃若顯現問題，能夠在設計與規劃間有所取捨。
例如，運輸能力與火力防護是JLTV的主要性能，但其現有重量會使螺旋槳飛機的運輸產生阻礙。此型車輛重量是依據火力防護需求加以設計，雖然裝甲可達火力防護，但卻超出規劃的重量，此一問題即可提供產製時參考。
現行策略的四項目標強調亟需JLTV
陸軍二○○九年十月提出的策略指出二○○八年陸軍與陸戰隊的聯合TWV投資規畫是基於下述四項目標：
一、藉由重新配置與改善載台達成利用
現有載台的最大優勢。
二、規劃將MRAP整合到現有車隊。
三、強調混和車隊來達成防護、載重與性能的鐵三角。
四、戰術車輛的變革需要達成防護目的。
陸軍與海軍陸戰隊都了解到計畫的不確定性，但也強調整體來說採取輪型車輛是有其必要。陸軍表示即使可見預算受限與物料高漲，但它能控制費用與各種車隊內的複雜情況；而陸戰隊則認為他們會提出一套可以具有合適作戰能力，且能控制在一定可負擔花費內的用車策略。
陸軍與陸戰隊策略的第一個目標是重新配置現有載台，並引進新的改良車種。受限於預算，陸軍計畫近程目標是重新配置非裝甲及裝甲悍馬車到單位以維持運作。二○一○年編列五億六千萬美金重新配置悍馬車，另外一千三百萬美評估重新配置裝甲悍馬車的替代方案。
軍種輪型車輛策略的第二個目標是引進MRAP（包含M-ATV）到車隊中。二○一○年年底，陸軍與海軍陸戰隊將投資三百五十七億美金來採購MRAP，而其大部分都投入伊拉克與阿富汗的戰場。國防部認為MRAP是戰術車輛重要的一個成員，但並非取代悍馬車與JLTV。雖然對於 MRAP投資甚多，但不太可能取代JLTV的許多功能。
如何在載重、功能與防護上取得平衡是第三個與第四個目標。陸軍與陸戰隊的輪型車輛投資策略都指出JLTV是未來作戰的主力之一，但兩軍也都認知到現有JLTV費用與其性能表現不確定性所形的複雜問題。其中像陸軍所提出的一種JLTV，其重量為他種戰術車種的二至三倍重，其投射能力將會是一個風險。
結論
M-ATV的計畫是成功的，提早運交了性能良好，價值一百二十五億美金的車輛。和先前大型的MRAP一樣，M-ATV並未研發新的技術。至於JLTV是一項架構良好的計畫，它採取了漸進式的方法一步步增加佈署可行的車輛。但和M-ATV與MRAP不同，JLTV若要做到像MRAP的防護與像類似悍馬車的重量，則需要在技術與工程方面作進一步的提昇。在進入工程與製造研發階段前，國防部需要在可用的資源中（包含時間、費用、與技術）作出抉擇。
對於JLTV所設立的目標至遲要在二○一一年確定，屆時各軍種可以更加認知到：（一）悍馬車重新配置與生產的目標與費用；（二）MRAP在各軍種軍力架構的配屬。而國防部整體戰術輪型車輛的策略可以從這些評估中得到方向，此將提供一個完善的近期規畫，而後導引出長期的目標策略。可以確定的是，藉由成本效益分析所得出，任何潛存於MRAP與JLTV 車種間的互補功能，可以節省採購與維持此兩型車種的費用。
策畫：本報軍事小組
文：黃俊彥