http://www.dsti.net/Information/News/76007
美海軍陸戰隊K-MAX無人直升機可能繼續部署在衝突地區
2012-06-06
[據美國《防務新聞》網站2012年5月29日報導]美國海軍陸戰隊在始於一月份的試驗成功後,將擴展無人直升機的用途以為阿富汗戰場提供運輸補給支援。根據洛馬公司透露,在衝突地區的頭四個月中,兩架K-MAX無人直升機提供了超過十萬鎊的補給。原定六月底結束的原部署計畫將延期到九月。K-MAX於1994年首飛,並且從1998年開始作為海軍陸戰隊的無人機裝備部隊,但這是首次在戰區部署使用。洛馬公司航空系統發展方面的負責人表示,這是一個可發現問題的實戰檢驗機會。
無人飛行器主要目的是完成運輸物資卡車所承擔的“枯燥、惡劣、危險任務” 。可以減少運輸卡車數量,進而減少在阿公路運輸中的高傷亡。陸軍部長John McHugh透露,在阿富汗每46次補給行動中,美軍要遭受至少一次襲擊。兩架飛機每天飛6個架次,負載達到4200磅,高出最初設計載荷2400磅很多。通過多次出動,這些直升機每天可輸送超過28800磅的物資。洛馬方面表示在執行任務種類方面仍大有潛力可挖。
從補給站到戰場的平均往返距離為100海裏(185.2千米),K-MAX的飛行時間不超過2小時。飛機可以運送食物、水、彈藥、零部件,甚至包括發電機這種大設備。使用官兵對其在降低後勤補中人員危險方面的作用表示滿意。
無人飛機不僅可以使後勤人員遠離危險,同樣也可以節省大量資金,其每飛行小時僅消耗1000美元,而有人駕駛則運輸耗費3000~8000美元/每小時。(中國航空工業發展研究中心 厲博)
http://www.defensenews.com/article/20120529/DEFREG02/305290001/Marine-UAV-May-Stay-War-Zone
Marine UAV May Stay in the War Zone
May. 29, 2012 - 10:02AM | By ADAM STONE
The U.S. Marine Corps will be extending the use of unmanned helicopters to deliver supplies in Afghanistan, on the heels of a successful trial effort that began in January.
In their first four months in action in a combat zone, two unmanned K-MAX helicopters delivered more than one million pounds of supplies. That effort, scheduled to end in June, will now be extended through September, according to Lockheed Martin of Bethesda, Md., which led the deployment along with KAMAN Aerospace, Bloomfield, Conn.
The K-MAX has been flying since 1994 and has been in use by the Marines as an unmanned aircraft since 1998, but this has been its first operational deployment in a combat setting.
“It is demonstrating itself in a real-world environment, which is something we haven’t had in the past,” said Jim Naylor, director of business development for aviation systems at Lockheed Martin.
The main purpose of the unmanned flights is to pare back the need for “the dull, dirty and dangerous missions” of moving material overland by truck, Naylor said. The services have been looking for ways to reducing truck deliveries in response to the high number of casualties associated with road shipping in Afghanistan.
For every 46 resupply convoys in Afghanistan, U.S. forces suffered at least one casualty, Army Secretary John McHugh said last summer.
The two aircraft have been flying six missions per day with load sizes reaching as much as 4,200 pounds, considerably higher than the 2,400 pounds initially indicated by the designers. With repeated flights, the helicopters have lifted as much as 28,800 pounds in one day.
“It’s able to do a lot more than required and it can do a lot of sorties per day,” Naylor said.
Flights from supply stations into the field have averaged 100 nautical miles round trip, a distance covered by the K-MAX in less than two hours. The aircraft have been carrying food, water, ammunition and spare parts, as well as larger items including a generator.
“We’re there to move whatever they need us to move,” said Terry Fogarty, general manager of UAS Product Group at KAMAN aerospace.
The customer has indicated satisfaction with the program thus far. “We are moving cargo without putting any Marines, soldiers or airmen at risk. If we had a fleet of these things flying 24-7, we could move cargo around and not put people in jeopardy,” Marine Corps Maj. Kyle O’Connor said in a press release.
In addition to keeping service members out of harm’s way, the unmanned aircraft also are saving money. It costs about $1,000 an hour to fly the K-MAX, where a manned delivery may run $3,000 to $8,000 an hour, Naylor said.
The program may also offer a way to meet the logistical challenges of an evolving presence in Afghanistan.
“Now you can have dispersed forces out there and be able to resupply them relatively quickly,” Naylor said. “As the mission changes and we draw down, this becomes a potential way to do the resupply that is required with fewer folks.”