http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/091009/19/1snmf.html
土地用作美國飛彈基地 馬紹爾島主怒告政府
 更新日期:2009/10/09 13:05 李致嫻
 
（法新社馬紹爾群島馬久羅9日電） 馬紹爾群島（Marshall Islands）一名勢力強大的傳統酋長控告馬紹爾政府與美國締結條約，讓美國政府把他的土地作為飛彈試射基地。

曾任馬紹爾總統的卡布亞（Imata Kabua）表示，他質疑美國及馬紹爾之間的條約，這份條約延長美國在2016年後使用現有飛彈基地的權利。

兩國間的「自由加盟協約」（Compact of FreeAssociation）於2003年核准，提供美國使用瓜加林環礁島（Kwajalein Atoll）「雷根飛彈測試場」（Reagan Test Site）權利到2066年。

卡布亞表示，馬紹爾政府已「拒絕針對重訂契約進行善意談判」。

自1960年代早期，瓜加林島一直被美國用作反飛彈防禦測試基地，也是加州發射長程洲際彈道飛彈的模擬目標。

http://www.dsti.net/News/56449.htm
美國空軍看好可擊毀彈道導彈的空射型攔截器的前景

      [據英國《飛行國際》2009年9月17日報導]美國空軍和美國導彈防禦局（MDA）共同研究後一致認為，可擊毀彈道導彈的空射型攔截器在技術上是可行的，美國空軍可能很快出臺相應的發展計畫以便使戰鬥機和無人機裝備這種武器。目前洛克希德•馬丁公司和雷神公司都在獨立研製這種空射型攔截器。
      洛克希德•馬丁公司的一種方案是用PAC-3“愛國者”在彈道導彈的末段實施攔截，另一種方案是在戰鬥機或無人機的內置武器艙中掛載末段高空防空攔截器，利用其殺傷彈頭實施攔截。
      雷神公司的方案是以“先進中距空對空導彈”AIM-120為基礎加以改進，也就是所謂的網路中心防空單元（NCADE）。該彈不僅加裝了二級火箭助推器和“響尾蛇”AIM-9X的導引頭，還加裝了新型的固態轉向以及姿態控制系統，但是其費用相對昂貴。據悉洛克希德•馬丁公司的PAC-3“愛國者”改裝研製費用為1.3億美元，而雷神公司的網路中心防空單元研製費用高達4.5億美元，每枚單價約為100萬美元。（中國航空工業發展研究中心 魯進軍）

http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/09/17/332379/usaf-chief-calls-air-launched-interceptor-missiles-promising.html
USAF chief calls air-launched interceptor missiles 'promising'
By Stephen Trimble

DATE:17/09/09
SOURCE:Flight International

The US Air Force is moving closer to launching a programme to arm fighters and unmanned aircraft systems with the capability to shoot down ballistic missiles.

Preliminary findings of a joint study with the US Missile Defense Agency indicate that the air-launched intercept concept is technically feasible, says air force chief of staff Gen Norton Schwartz.

"When the object is to attack missiles early in the ascent phase the kinematics of the question work," Schwartz says. "I don't have any doubt that we'll have the sensors and the connectivity to effectively hit the target."

Both Lockheed Martin and Raytheon are working on separate programmes to convert weapons for the air-launched intercept role.

Lockheed is proposing to fire a containerised PAC-3 Patriot missile at mainly terminal phase targets. Another concept studied by the company proposes to adapt the kill vehicle from a terminal high-altitude air defence interceptor, which could be stored in an internal weapons bay.

Raytheon, meanwhile, is offering to convert the AIM-120 Amraam air-to-air missile with a second-stage rocket booster, a modified AIM-9X Sidewinder seeker and new solid divert and attitude control system.

The so-called network centric air defence element (NCADE) concept would leverage the USAF's AIM-120 support infrastructure, but would be more costly to develop than Lockheed's PAC-3-based air-launched hit-to-kill (ALHTK) concept.

Lockheed has projected the ALHTK development cost at a minimum of $130 million, while Raytheon says the NCADE development would total about $450 million, followed by $1 million to purchase each missile.

Schwartz acknowledges that he is not sure if the USAF can afford to pay for either missile. "I don't have a sense of cost and so on," he says, adding that he also hasn't made "a judgement of whether it means less of this or more of that. But it's promising."

http://www.dsti.net/News/55861.htm
美國導彈防禦技術從試驗轉向部署

　　[據全球安全網站2009年8月27日報導] 在多年試驗成功的推動下，曾一度飽受質疑的美國導彈防禦技術目前已準備進入部署階段。
　　
　　27日，美國導彈防禦局負責人在五角大樓的一次訪談中說：“過去我們面臨的問題是，能否用一枚導彈擊中另一枚導彈，而現在我們已經成功驗證了35次以上。” 在最近的45次試驗中，有39次成功。失敗大都出現在試驗之初，並且在過去幾年都擊中目標，但其中一次試驗失敗是由於製造問題。
　　
　　部署的大部分新技術將增強所屬部隊的導彈防禦能力。早先部署的基地都暴露在導彈威脅下，美國在對它們的保護上存在巨大間隙。2009年夏，伊朗和朝鮮都試驗了自己的彈道導彈系統。其他一些國家的武器庫中也擁有數百枚導彈。他還表示，“我們希望提供與對抗巡航導彈或飛機同樣水準的彈道導彈防禦能力。”
　　
　　日前，美國國防部額外批准了9億美元用於部署陸軍的戰區高空區域防禦移動導彈防禦系統。導彈防禦局目前已經完成8個系統所需試驗中的7個。該系統可能將在2010年部署。陸軍還將獲得新型雷達系統。未來將撥款大約80億美元用於新型的導彈防禦技術。
　　
　　美國海軍的“宙斯盾”級彈道導彈防禦艦正在裝備改良型導彈。“宙斯盾”艦將在2010年部署第二代攔截器。並且，五角大樓已經提議將6艘以上的“宙斯盾”艦用於提供額外的戰區導彈防禦覆蓋。這種能力將提供戰區內的彈道導彈防護，包括短程導彈、中程導彈和射程超過3000千米的遠端導彈。
　　
　　9月還將發射兩顆演示衛星。這兩顆衛星將互相“對話”，擴展各自感測器探查導彈的能力。導彈防禦局還將在2012年前對衛星進行測試，從“宙斯盾”艦上發射一枚攔截器打擊一個試驗目標。這需要艦船能夠在自身雷達範圍外打擊目標。屆時美國在遍及全球的所有戰區都將能夠快速接收導彈防禦指令。

　　在未來5年，飛行試驗將增加到56次以上，其中多次試驗將包括多枚導彈同時出現在空中。在試驗中，導彈防禦局將使用衛星、無人機、艦船和陸基雷達。（中國航太工程諮詢中心 曲佳 陳菲）

http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2009-08/29/content_11962529.htm
外媒：美軍機載激光武器意在對付中俄導彈 
2009年08月29日 12:55:02 　來源：東方網 

    繼不久前美國波音公司與美國導彈防禦局首次成功進行機載激光器攔截靶彈實驗後，美軍稱下一步將實驗攔截巡航導彈實彈。加拿大防務網站《全球研究》撰文稱，美方此舉針對中俄意圖明顯，無異于與後者作公開攤牌。

    文章稱，“8月10日，美國導彈防禦局為一架波音747-400F原型機配備了紅外傳感器,用它攔截一枚從加州聖尼古拉島發射的導彈。在導彈升空後,這架波音747-400F飛機探測、跟蹤、並模擬了從飛機上發射導彈攔截來襲導彈的過程。這是美國導彈防禦局首次利用"儀器"導彈確認其機載激光武器研制工作。接下來，導彈防禦局將在今年秋天進行首次實彈測試，利用機載激光武器攔截一枚彈道導彈。”美國導彈防禦局所在地阿拉巴馬州的媒體報道稱，美國導彈防禦局及波音公司是在8月13日宣布這一消息的，而在數天之前，阿拉巴馬州亨茨維爾市（Huntsville）才剛剛舉行了第十二屆太空與導彈防禦年度大會。

    華爾街日報對此次先進導彈攔截試驗頗有興趣，稱“與天基武器係統相同，機載激光武器將成為下一個防禦邊疆。改裝後的波音747飛機據稱能夠發射數百英?的強烈光束，在導彈加速階段將之攔截，而此時導彈不但還沒有發射誘餌彈，甚至其被摧毀後還應該降落在敵人的領土之上。機載激光武器將成為海基與陸基導彈防禦係統的補充，並在試驗過程中不斷證明自己的效用。”“?根總統的分層導彈防禦體係——簡而言之便是星球大戰——從來都沒有破滅，至少在技術層面正在變成現實”。

    文章介紹說，波音747大型噴氣式客機于1970年作為民航機問世，目前世界各國運行著該機的多種版本，尤其是中東地區。因此，747民航機在偽裝成民用客機的同時，能夠配備機載激光武器，跟蹤並摧毀彈道導彈。美國導彈防禦局曾表示，其計劃升級機載激光武器，使之能夠攔截處于加速階段的洲際彈道導彈，賦予機載激光武器戰略特性。

    文章指出，作為美國及其全球各地同盟國日益重要的組成部分，綜合導彈攔截係統不僅需要攔截他國導彈，還需要在導彈點火前，將它摧毀在發射井或發射臺之上。據美國導彈防禦局稱，其最新機載激光武器係統試驗行動“是過去兩個月時間內第三次成功試驗，在第一次試驗期間，目前導彈收集了激光武器的性能數據。根據既定計劃，在未來幾個月的時間?，將陸續利用機載激光武器應對更加棘手的目標，在今年晚些時候，還將需要模擬威脅目標導彈攔截試驗。

    文章稱，預計機載激光武器將在21世紀空間戰中扮演日益重要的作用，它將與短中程“愛國者”戰區導彈防禦係統一同部署，最近“愛國者”導彈已升級至“愛國者-3”型導彈。除愛國者導彈之外，全球甚至外大氣層、太空導彈防禦係統還包括地基攔截導彈(GBI)、地基中端防禦(GMD)、末段高空區域防禦(THAAD)、大氣層外動能攔截器（EKV）、宙斯盾戰鬥係統（配備攔截雷達及導彈的驅逐艦）以及前沿配置X波段雷達（FBXB）等。　

    多年來，俄羅斯高級官員一直稱攔截導彈及相關空間作戰項目並不是五角大樓及歐洲和亞太地區其軍事同盟所說的那樣，僅僅以所謂的流氓國家為目標，而是還有更為危險的意圖。對于五角大樓地面其太空導彈攔截計劃的直正意圖，最近有文章稱：“白宮認為，該項目旨在應對諸如等擁有或將會擁有能夠觸及美國領土導彈的國家的‘威脅’。與此同時，克?姆林宮則認為導彈攔截係統的真正目標是消除俄羅斯核威懾，因此俄羅斯方面將之視為是對俄羅斯國家安全的威脅。”
 
    另外一個頗具影響力的俄羅斯消息來源稱：“這些攔截導彈的戰略重要性將日益增加，它們賦予了美國首先向俄羅斯發動核攻擊的能力。在這種情況下，攔截導彈只需要應對第一輪攻擊下幸存的有限導彈，使美國自上世紀50年代以來，首次獲得了在核戰中打贏俄羅斯的希望。”

    事實上，並非只有俄羅斯要關注這一假設，美國國會參議院外交關係委員會官方刊物《外交事務》2006年3/4月刊中，發表了由美國核武器專家凱爾·A·萊伯與達利奧·G·普萊斯撰寫的《美國核優勢興起》一文。二人在文章中表示：美國可能很快就會擁有摧毀俄羅斯或中國遠程核武庫的一次打擊能力。美國空軍已經為其B-52轟炸機裝備了核巡航導彈，而且它們可能能夠規避俄中防空雷達。而且，為了規避最先進的雷達，美國空軍還升級了B-52轟炸機配備的電子設備，使之能夠以極低的高度飛行。”

    文章稱，美國能夠部署短、中、遠程攔截導彈發射臺、先進且移動導彈雷達站、遠程超隱形核轟炸機以及宙斯盾驅逐艦等武器平臺，捕捉並摧毀常規及核導彈。其部署在太空的監督衛星及武器並非用來應對來自伊朗或敘利亞甚至是朝鮮的尚不存在的洲際彈道導彈威脅，而是用來威脅俄羅斯與中國，應對首輪核攻擊中幸存下的武器係統。

    此外，今年7月17日美國軍事新聞網還報道稱，雷神導彈係統公司計劃將戰斧對地攻擊導彈綜合到艦船殺手係統中，這樣便可以獲得一種始無前例的能力，即攻擊1000英?外的巡航艦船，而且，指定目標之一便是中國。該報道稱：“大約10年前，中國便開始制造大量移動彈道導彈發射裝置。不過，那些部署在艦船上戰術導彈距離海岸是如此之近，以至于用射程更長、性能更強的戰斧導彈便可摧毀。而且，美國海軍正在位于亞利桑那州南地部的圖森市，對那些能在陸地上空巡航數百英?並炸毀建築物的導彈進行重新設計，使其具備追蹤移動目標的能力。”

    最後，文章稱，美國政權的更迭、自上世紀30年代大蕭條以來最糟糕的經濟危機、在阿富汗戰爭中消耗的巨大的人力物力資源，都未能減緩美國在全球以及太空軍事稱霸的腳步，也未能減少美國及其同盟面臨的史無前例的災難性威脅。美國及其同盟在歐洲和亞洲建立了一個密不透風的導彈防禦係統，使世界上的兩個核大國——俄羅斯和中國處于強壓之下，並成為美國第一次常規及核打擊的目標。（東方網 春風）

http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20090820/pl_nm/us_missiles_usa_europe_boeing_1
Boeing floats new anti-missile idea for Europe

By Jim Wolf Jim Wolf – Thu Aug 20, 1:29 am ET
HUNTSVILLE, Alabama (Reuters) – Boeing Co unveiled a surprise proposal to build a mobile interceptor missile in an effort to blunt Russian fears of possible U.S. fixed missile-defense sites in Europe.

The idea was floated on Wednesday as the Obama administration weighs Bush-era plans to put 10 ground-based interceptors, or GBIs, in underground silos in Poland, paired with a radar site in the Czech Republic, as a hedge against Iran's growing ballistic-missile clout. The review is to be wrapped up by the end of this year.

Boeing, which manages the hub of a layered U.S. anti-missile shield deployed in 2004, is eyeing a 47,500-pound interceptor that could be flown to NATO bases as needed on Boeing-built C-17 cargo planes, erected quickly on a 60-foot trailer stand and taken home when judged safe to do so.

"If a fixed site is going to be just too hard to get implemented politically or otherwise, we didn't want people to think that the only way you needed to use a GBI was in a fixed silo," Greg Hyslop, Boeing's vice president and general manager for missile defense, told Reuters at a U.S. Army-sponsored missile-defense conference in Huntsville, Alabama.

A scale model showed a two-stage interceptor designed to be globally deployable within 24 hours at designated launch sites that would provide coverage for the United States and Europe.

Boeing had just started briefing the Pentagon's Missile Defense Agency on the proposal, Hyslop said. The project could be completed by 2015 at probably less cost than had been planned for the silo-based interceptors, he said.

The Government Accountability Office reported earlier this month that military construction costs for the interceptor and radar sites could top $1 billion. U.S. intelligence officials say that by 2015 Iran will have a long-range missile capability. The Polish and Czech sites are scheduled to be ready by then.

Moscow strongly opposes the possible Polish and Czech installations as a threat to its security. After the election of Barack Obama as U.S. president in November, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev threatened to base medium-range Iskander missiles near the Polish border if the United States persisted.

Boeing is not the only U.S. contractor preparing for a possible abandonment of the Polish and Czech options. Raytheon Co, the world's biggest missile maker, said Tuesday it was developing a land-based version of its existing Standard Missile-3 (SM-3), a star of U.S. missile defense from the sea, that could be used to defend Europe, Israel and elsewhere.

A reconfigured SM-3 interceptor was successfully fired by the U.S. Navy's Aegis ballistic missile-defense system in February 2008 to destroy an errant U.S. spy satellite. Japan is co-financing and co-producing a new, more capable version. Lockheed Martin Corp, the Pentagon's No. 1 contractor by sales, builds the Aegis system.

A land-based SM-3 could play a role in European defense with or without GBIs in Poland, Michael Booen, a Raytheon vice president, told Reuters. They could be operational as soon as 2013 if funded adequately, he said. The Pentagon has requested $50 million for its development in the fiscal year starting October 1.

Army Lieutenant General Patrick O'Reilly, the head of the Pentagon's Missile Defense Agency, hailed the SM-3 option Wednesday and was asked about a mobile GBI.

"That would be a significant undertaking," he said of the GBI concept after a presentation to the conference. "But we are looking for opportunities and the SM-3 is one we focused in on because of its accomplishments."

General James Cartwright, vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, told the session earlier in the day the United States had made "a couple of bad assumptions" in missile defense.

He singled out an expectation, at the heart of the U.S. rush to deploy, that "the emergence of the intercontinental ballistic missile threat would come much faster than it did" from countries like Iran and North Korea.

"The reality is that it has not come as fast as we thought it would come," Cartwright said. He said the United States, under its current missile-defense plans, had the capability to take on 15 inbound intercontinental ballistic missiles simultaneously using the 30 GBI's being placed in silos at Fort Greely, Alaska, and Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.

"That's a heck of a lot more than a rogue" nation could fire, he said.

http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2009-08/22/content_11924849.htm
波音提出移動導彈防禦模型 
2009年08月22日 08:42:53 　來源：新華網 

 
    美國總統貝拉克·奧巴馬上臺後，美俄關係出現回暖，但美國在東歐地區部署導彈防禦係統的計劃一直是美俄修好的主要絆腳石之一。

    如今，美國陸基導彈防禦係統的最主要承包商波音公司向美國政府諫言，表示完全可研制移動攔截導彈以取代陸基攔截導彈。高度機動性可避免固定陸基攔截導彈所帶來的政治難題。

    移動攔截

    路透社２０日報道，在此前一天由美國陸軍在阿拉巴馬州組織的一次導彈防禦會議上，波音公司第一次公開移動攔截導彈的設想和模型。

    路透社援引波音公司副總裁格雷格·希斯洛普的話報道：“如果出于政治或其他原因難以在固定地點實現（部署導彈防禦係統），我們不希望人們認為使用固定發射架發射陸基攔截導彈是唯一途徑。”

    希斯洛普現還兼任美國導彈防禦係統承包項目總經理。他在１９日會議上公開了一套移動攔截導彈模型。依照模型，這類移動兩級推進攔截導彈可在２４小時內部署至全球指定地點，可對美國和歐洲全境實現導彈攔截防禦。

    路透社說，移動攔截導彈重約２１噸，可由波音Ｃ－１７運輸機裝運至北大西洋公約組織的各處基地，發射平臺只是一部長約２０米的拖車發射架，移動能力強，發射程序簡單。

    替代方案

    希斯洛普說，波音已經將這一提議遞交國防部導彈防禦局。如獲批準，項目可在２０１５年完成，所需經費可能少于固定陸基攔截導彈項目。

    事實上，奧巴馬上臺後，原喬治·Ｗ·布什時期積極推動的在波蘭和捷克部署導彈防禦係統項目就出現松動可能或下馬跡象。不僅僅波音眼下正在防著政府突然叫停項目，導彈防禦係統的其他承包商也在作兩手準備。

    美國導彈軍火商雷神公司１８日表示，公司正加緊研發海基“標準－３”型導彈的陸基型號，成型後陸基“標準－３”型導彈射程可覆蓋歐洲及以色列等地區而無需借用波蘭和捷克的發射架。

    海基“標準－３”型導彈是美國海軍現役主力攔截導彈。去年２月，美國海軍用一枚改裝的“標準－３”型攔截導彈成功擊落一枚退役的故障間諜衛星。

    雷神公司副總裁邁克爾·布恩告訴路透社記者，如果資金到位及時，陸基版“標準－３”型導彈有望２０１３年問世。

    糟糕設想

    路透社說，布什在任期間，加緊上馬導彈防禦係統，特別是在東歐部署導彈攔截裝置。依照當時的計劃，美國將在波蘭部署１０套導彈攔截裝置，在捷克修建反導雷達基地。

    盡管美方強調這一係統旨在應對伊朗等國的軍事威脅，但這一項目迅速制冷美俄關係。俄羅斯總統德米特裏·梅德韋傑夫去年１１月表態，一旦美國推進在東歐部署導彈防禦係統，俄羅斯將在加裏寧格勒部署“伊斯坎德爾—Ｍ”型短程地對地導彈。這種型號導彈射程覆蓋波蘭全境和捷克大部分領土。

    現階段，正值奧巴馬政府對導彈防禦係統部署計劃的重審階段，結果定于今年年底公布。

    美軍參謀長聯席會議副主席詹姆斯·卡特賴特１９日在阿拉巴馬州舉行的導彈防禦會議上發言。他承認，美國在制定導彈防禦計劃時確實基于“糟糕設想”。當時，美國的導彈防禦係統旨在消除“來自伊朗等國的洲際彈道導彈威脅”。

    “事實是，（洲際彈道導彈威脅）不會像我們想象的那樣來得那麼快，”卡特賴特說。

    卡特賴特透露，基于美國目前部署的導彈防禦係統，利用美國部署在阿拉斯加州格裏利堡和加利福尼亞州范登堡空軍基地所設的３０套陸基導彈攔截裝置，美軍有足夠能力攔截１５枚同時針對美國本土的洲際彈道導彈。（郭洋）

http://www.dsti.net/News/55641.htm
導彈防禦局預測到2016年可能實現從太空跟蹤來襲彈道導彈

[據美國航空週刊網站2009年8月20日報導] 美國導彈防禦局主管在第12屆太空與導彈防禦年度大會上稱，預期到2016年將能夠填補從太空跟蹤來襲彈道導彈能力的空白。

　　目前，美國使用的主要感測器——防禦支持計畫衛星和天基紅外系統高橢圓軌道載荷（HEO）感測器，能夠提供彈道導彈助推段資料。然而，助推段之後的跟蹤能力出現了空白，導彈防禦局期望美國擁有更多的跟蹤能力，以獲取助推段之後的飛行中目標。預計將於下月發射的兩顆太空跟蹤和監視系統演示衛星將能夠執行此項任務。

　　該局還主管稱，要提高實現上升段攔截的機遇，必須具備更好的“發射到攔截”跟蹤能力。導彈防禦局近期已將此目標作為2010財年預算建議的重點。另一個目標是到2020年，實現技術改進，升級現有系統，使攔截器達到更高的攔截速度。 （中國航太工程諮詢中心 郭多嫻）

http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story.jsp?id=news/TRACK082009.xml&headline=MDA%20Chief%20Predicts%20Better%20Missile%20Tracking&channel=defense
MDA Chief Predicts Better Missile Tracking

Aug 20, 2009
Amy Butler

HUNTSVILLE, Ala. -- The U.S. Missile Defense Agency (MDA) director says he expects to be able to close anticipated gaps in the ability to track incoming ballistic missiles from space by 2016.

Currently, U.S. sensors -- primarily the Defense Support Program satellites and Space-Based Infrared System HEO sensors -- are providing data as soon as a ballistic missile boosts after launch.

However, a gap exists after boost, forcing MDA officials to look to reacquire a target later in its flight when the U.S. has other capability for tracking, MDA chief U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Patrick O'Reilly explained Aug. 18 at the annual Space and Missile Defense Conference here.

The addition of the Space Tracking and Surveillance System -- two demonstration satellites are expected to launch next month -- will help with this task.

O'Reilly says better launch-to-intercept tracking is needed to enhance the chances of achieving ascent-phase intercept. MDA recently highlighted this as a goal in its fiscal 2010 budget proposal.

Another goal of O'Reilly is by 2020 to improve technology availability to achieve higher velocity at burnout of an interceptor through incremental upgrades to existing systems. This, he hopes, will increase the ability to launch quickly and to achieve the range needed to intercept early in a target's flight.

http://www.dsti.net/News/55536.htm
美國機載鐳射武器系統完成類比攔截試驗
 
    [據法國《防務宇航》2009年8月14日報導]    8月10日夜間9點50分，美國導彈防禦局的機載鐳射武器系統（ABL）原型機利用三台機載低能雷射器對一個儀器化助推段導彈目標成功進行了捕獲、跟蹤和提供大氣補償，並模擬了利用定向能進行殺傷。
 
    這枚導彈目標是從美國海軍空中作戰中心武器分部海上實驗場的聖尼古拉斯島（San Nicolas Island）發射的，該島嶼位於加利福尼亞中部海岸附近。這是兩個月內ABL成功進行的第三次導彈攔截試驗。在此之前，ABL利用低能雷射器對2枚探空火箭進行了攔截；而在最近這次試驗中，雷射器的性能資料首次被導彈目標所收集。這枚用於替代導彈的儀器化目標的尺寸和幾何外形與彈道導彈相似，其中一段攜帶了一些感測器，用於記錄和測量鐳射的性能。
 
    按照計畫，在未來幾個月內ABL還將逐漸攔截一些難度更大的目標，最終將於年底進行一次攔截典型助推段彈道導彈目標的試驗。（北方科技資訊研究所 李小磊）

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/107426/airborne-laser-hits-missile-target-in-flight.html
ABL Successfully Completes Low-Power Laser Tests Against an Instrumented Boosting Missile Target
 
(Source: Missile Defense Agency; issued August 13, 2009)
 
The Missile Defense Agency’s Airborne Laser (ABL) prototype aircraft successfully acquired, tracked, provided atmospheric compensation and simulated the directed energy kill sequence against an instrumented boosting missile target using three onboard low-power lasers on Aug. 10 at 9:50 p.m. PDT.
The missile was launched from San Nicolas Island, located in the Naval Air Warfare Center-Weapons Division Sea Range, off the central California coast.
This marks the third successful ABL missile engagement in just over two months. The ABL previously engaged two sounding rockets with the low-power lasers – this latest test was the first time laser performance data was collected at the target missile. The Missile Alternative Range Target Instrument is similar in size and geometry to a ballistic missile, but with a section of sensors to record and measure the laser performance.
Plans call for ABL to engage progressively more difficult targets in coming months, culminating with a lethal demonstration against a boosting threat-representative ballistic missile target later this year. (ends)

 
 
 
 Boeing Airborne Laser Team Completes 1st Airborne Test Against Instrumented Target Missile 
 
 
(Source: Boeing Co.; issued August 13, 2009)
 
  
 
 EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. --- The Boeing Company, industry teammates and the U.S. Missile Defense Agency on Aug. 10 successfully completed the Airborne Laser's (ABL) first in-flight test against an instrumented target missile, achieving a historic milestone.
During the test, the modified Boeing 747-400F aircraft took off from Edwards Air Force Base and used its infrared sensors to find a target missile launched from San Nicholas Island, Calif. The Boeing-developed battle management system aboard ABL then issued engagement and target location instructions to the beam control/fire control system, which acquired the target and fired its two solid-state illuminator lasers to track the target and measure atmospheric conditions. ABL then fired a surrogate high-energy laser at the target, simulating a missile intercept. Instrumentation on the target verified that the surrogate high-energy laser hit the target.
"This test demonstrates that the Airborne Laser can fully engage an in-flight missile with its battle management and beam control/fire control systems," said Michael Rinn, Boeing vice president and ABL program director. "Pointing and focusing a laser beam on a target that is rocketing skyward at thousands of miles per hour is no easy task, but the Airborne Laser is uniquely able to do the job."
The test follows ABL's engagement of two un-instrumented missiles in early June, which allowed the team to fine-tune the engagement sequence.
ABL will now undergo flight tests in which the aircraft will fire its high-energy laser, first into an onboard calorimeter, then through its beam control/fire control system. The ABL team then will test the entire weapon system against in-flight missiles, culminating with ABL's first high-energy laser intercept test against a ballistic missile later this year.
ABL would deter potential adversaries and provide speed-of-light capability to destroy all classes of ballistic missiles in their boost phase of flight. Eliminating missiles in their boost phase would reduce the number of shots required by other elements of the layered ballistic missile defense system.
"ABL's revolutionary speed, mobility, precision and lethality would make it a great asset to America's warfighters," Rinn added.
Boeing is the prime contractor and overall systems integrator for ABL, and provides the modified aircraft and battle management system. Northrop Grumman supplies the high-energy laser, and Lockheed Martin provides the beam control/fire control system.

A unit of The Boeing Company, Boeing Integrated Defense Systems is one of the world's largest space and defense businesses specializing in innovative and capabilities-driven customer solutions, and the world's largest and most versatile manufacturer of military aircraft. Headquartered in St. Louis, Boeing Integrated Defense Systems is a $32 billion business with 70,000 employees worldwide. (ends)
 
 
 
 Lockheed Martin-Built System Directs Laser Beam In Airborne Laser’s Simulated Target Intercept 
 
 
(Source: Lockheed Martin; issued August 13, 2009)
 
  
 
 EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. --- Lockheed Martin announced today that the Beam Control/Fire Control system for the U.S. Missile Defense Agency’s Airborne Laser (ABL) has focused and directed a low-power laser beam in an engagement with an instrumented, boosting missile target, resulting in a successful simulated intercept.
In a flight test Aug. 10 aboard ABL’s modified Boeing 747-400F aircraft, the Lockheed Martin-developed Beam Control/Fire Control system aimed a low-power laser beam generated by a Surrogate High Energy Laser at an instrumented target missile, called a Missile Alternative Range Target Instrumentation (MARTI). The tests also involved the Battle Management System developed by Boeing, ABL’s prime contractor. This test demonstrated the full functionality of the ABL system, with the low-power laser serving as a surrogate for the Northrop Grumman-developed megawatt-class Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser (COIL).
“The Beam Control/Fire Control System has once again proven its capabilities in flight,” said Mark Johnson, ABL program director, Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company. “Completing the low-power flight testing against an instrumented boosting target is a testament to the readiness of ABL’s Beam Control/Fire Control system. We successfully demonstrated the necessary pointing accuracy for reliable acquisition, tracking and atmospheric compensation to achieve shoot-down later this year. The outstanding performance of the government and industry team continues to keep the program on track.”
In preparation for this low-power MARTI test, the ABL team conducted a series of tests including low-power tracking tests against non-instrumented boosting Terrier-Lynx target missiles June 6 and June 13.
The Beam Control/Fire Control system next will be tested in high-power flight operations. A series of increasingly rigorous ABL testing scenarios will culminate in an airborne intercept test against an unarmed, boosting ballistic missile target later this year.
The Beam Control/Fire Control System locates and tracks the target, determines range to the target, compensates for atmospheric turbulence and focuses and directs the High Energy Laser beam. The system’s lower-energy lasers – the Track Illuminator Laser and the Beacon Illuminator Laser – determine where to point and focus the High Energy Laser. The High Energy Laser beam passes through the system’s optical path before exiting through the conformal window on the nose of the aircraft on its way to the target.
ABL will destroy a ballistic missile while it is still accelerating in the Earth’s atmosphere and before it can deploy its warheads. The Missile Defense Agency manages the ABL program, which is executed by the U.S. Air Force from Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, N.M. The Boeing Company provides the modified aircraft and the Battle Management System and is the overall systems integrator. Boeing’s ABL industry partners are Northrop Grumman, which supplies the High Energy Laser and the Beacon Illuminator Laser, and Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, Sunnyvale, Calif., which provides the Beam Control/Fire Control System.
Lockheed Martin is a world leader in systems integration and the development of air and missile defense systems and technologies, including the first operational hit-to-kill missile. The company makes significant contributions to most major U.S. missile defense systems and participates in several global missile defense partnerships.

Headquartered in Bethesda, Md., Lockheed Martin is a global security company that employs about 146,000 people worldwide and is principally engaged in the research, design, development, manufacture, integration and sustainment of advanced technology systems, products and services. The corporation reported 2008 sales of $42.7 billion.
-ends-

http://www.dsti.net/News/55528.htm
ABL成功測試完成低功率雷射器打擊裝有儀器的助推段導彈目標

    【據波音公司2009年08月13日報導】波音公司及其團隊和美國導彈防禦局（MDA）在8月10日成功地完成了機載雷射器（ABL）第一次飛行測試打擊裝有儀器的目標導彈，實現了一個歷史性的里程碑。

    測試中，經過改裝的波音747-400F飛機在愛德華茲空軍基地起飛，並利用其紅外線感測器找到一枚從聖尼古拉島發射升空的目標導彈，然後機載雷射器上波音公司研製的作戰管理系統向光束控制/火力控制系統發出參戰和定位目標位置指示，收集目標參數並發射了兩個固態雷射器，跟蹤目標並測量大氣條件。ABL然後發射替代高能鐳射靶，模擬導彈攔截。目標導彈上的儀器核實替代高能鐳射準確命中目標。

    波音公司副總裁兼ABL專案總監Michael Rinn說：“這次測試表明，機載雷射器可以充分依靠其戰鬥管理系統和光束控制/火力控制系統對抗飛行中的導彈。對於飛行速度每小時數千英里的目標進行雷射光束瞄準和聚焦並不容易，但機載雷射器是唯一能夠完成這項工作。”波音團隊還在6月初微調測試次序，測試打擊兩枚未攜帶儀器的導彈。

    ABL現在將接受一系列的飛行測試，飛機將發射高能鐳射，第一次到板載熱量計，然後通過其光束控制/火力控制系統。ABL團隊然後將測試整個武器系統對飛行中的導彈打擊能力， 最終ABL首次對彈道導彈的高能量鐳射攔截試驗將在今年晚些時候推出。

    機載雷射器將阻止潛在敵人，並提供高速光學能力，摧毀各類助推段彈道導彈。消除助推段導彈將減少分層彈道導彈防禦系統其他要素所需的彈頭數量。

    這標誌著在僅過兩個月之內第三次ABL的成功測試。ABL之前的兩次採用低功率雷射器打擊探空火箭，而最新測試是首次在目標導彈收集鐳射性能參數。導彈儀器替代遠端目標是以彈道導彈的相似大小和幾何形狀，但包括一系列感測器來記錄和測量鐳射性能。

    計畫要求在未來幾個月內逐步進行機載雷射器更加困難的目標測試，最終實現對彈道導彈目標的致命打擊。

    波音公司是機載雷射器（ABL）的主承包商，負責ABL整體系統集成，並提供改進型飛機和戰鬥管理系統。諾斯羅普•格魯曼公司提供了高能量雷射器，而洛克希德•馬丁公司提供光束控制/火力控制系統。(工業和資訊化部電子科學技術情報研究所  陳  皓)

http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=796
Boeing Airborne Laser Team Completes 1st Airborne Test Against Instrumented Target Missile

EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE, Calif., Aug. 13, 2009 -- The Boeing Company [NYSE: BA], industry teammates and the U.S. Missile Defense Agency on Aug. 10 successfully completed the Airborne Laser's (ABL) first in-flight test against an instrumented target missile, achieving a historic milestone.

During the test, the modified Boeing 747-400F aircraft took off from Edwards Air Force Base and used its infrared sensors to find a target missile launched from San Nicolas Island, Calif. The Boeing-developed battle management system aboard ABL then issued engagement and target location instructions to the beam control/fire control system, which acquired the target and fired its two solid-state illuminator lasers to track the target and measure atmospheric conditions. ABL then fired a surrogate high-energy laser at the target, simulating a missile intercept. Instrumentation on the target verified that the surrogate high-energy laser hit the target.

"This test demonstrates that the Airborne Laser can fully engage an in-flight missile with its battle management and beam control/fire control systems," said Michael Rinn, Boeing vice president and ABL program director. "Pointing and focusing a laser beam on a target that is rocketing skyward at thousands of miles per hour is no easy task, but the Airborne Laser is uniquely able to do the job."

The test follows ABL's engagement of two un-instrumented missiles in early June, which allowed the team to fine-tune the engagement sequence.

ABL will now undergo flight tests in which the aircraft will fire its high-energy laser, first into an onboard calorimeter, then through its beam control/fire control system. The ABL team then will test the entire weapon system against in-flight missiles, culminating with ABL's first high-energy laser intercept test against a ballistic missile later this year.

ABL would deter potential adversaries and provide speed-of-light capability to destroy all classes of ballistic missiles in their boost phase of flight. Eliminating missiles in their boost phase would reduce the number of shots required by other elements of the layered ballistic missile defense system.

"ABL's revolutionary speed, mobility, precision and lethality would make it a great asset to America's warfighters," Rinn added.

Boeing is the prime contractor and overall systems integrator for ABL, and provides the modified aircraft and battle management system. Northrop Grumman supplies the high-energy laser, and Lockheed Martin provides the beam control/fire control system.

http://www.dsti.net/News/55348.htm
美海軍SM-3導彈再次擊中目標

  [美國strategypage網站8月5日報到]裝備宙斯盾武器系統的美海軍艦艇第19次利用SM-3導彈擊中了一枚彈道導彈。這使得美海軍宙斯盾系統試射成功率達到83%。

    目前美海軍已經有18艘艦艇裝備有宙斯頓反導彈系統。美海軍最近取消建造昂貴的DDG-1000驅逐艦的原因之一是DDG-1000主要用於支援兩栖和沿海作戰，並沒有很容易就被轉換成能使用SM-3反導彈導彈的雷達。此外，DDG-1000的成本是目前在役的驅逐艦成本的兩三倍。由於導彈防禦比提供新的兩栖和沿海作戰能力擁有更高的優先權，因此DDG-1000項目被終止，其建造經費將用於建造更多的宙斯頓驅逐艦，並且還能將現役的驅逐艦和巡洋艦改建成能使用SM-3導彈的艦艇。鑒於這種原因，美海軍目前正將3艘以上的艦艇改建成能發射反導彈導彈的艦艇。每一艘艦艇的改建成本約為1200萬美元，改建的主要內容是安裝新的軟體和硬體。美海軍認為這是一種安全的投資。為了能擊落彈道導彈，除了對宙斯頓雷達系統進行改進以外，宙斯頓系統還將採用同美海軍標準防空導彈相似的模組。

    RIM-161A型導彈是SM-3的一種，其射程超過500千米，最大飛行高度超過160千米。SM-3導彈的開發基於SM-2 Block IV型反導彈導彈。SM-2能有效地擊中近距離彈道導彈。在一次試驗中，SM-2 Block IV型導彈擊中了19千米遠的目標，而SM-3能擊中200千米以外的目標。但SM-3只擅長進行反導彈作戰，而SM-2 Block IV型導彈既能用於攻擊彈道導彈還能攻擊飛機。SM-2 Block IV的開發成本卻比SM-3的成本的一半還少。（中國船舶工業綜合技術經濟研究院 吳小蘭）