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太空觀光化的發展與影響
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http://news.yam.com/afp/life/200801/20080124411372.html
太空觀光腳步近了 維京集團公布新型太空船
法新社╱陳維聰 2008-01-24 17:35   

(法新社紐約二十三日電)英國億萬富豪布朗森今天揭開最新型太空船面紗,並表示,這種新型太空船將在今年開始試飛。

布朗森計劃二零一零年開始將觀光客送進太空旅遊。他今天公布最新型「太空船二號」和雙艙系統「白色騎士二號」的模型與照片。白色騎士二號將在半空中,將太空船二號送進大氣層。

這兩種太空飛行器將在今年建造完成。

布朗森是維京大西洋航空公司董事長,也是民間太空飛行的主要推動者。他在記者會上說:「二零零八年確實是太空船之年。」

他說:「母船與新太空船的設計絕對漂亮,而且超過一九九九年我們首次登記維京銀河公司所預期的商業太空飛行。」

這兩種太空船目前正由「縮尺複合材料公司」在加州莫哈維建造中,可將顧客送進地球上空約一百一十公里的次軌道太空中。

布朗森說,目前已有二百多名乘客確認搭乘太空船,每人費用二十萬美元,並有八萬五千人表示有興趣。

太空船二號擁有許多圓形窗戶,可從各種角度參觀機外景色,它可搭載兩名機員和六名乘客,一旦他們進入太空中,將可經歷五分鐘的無重力狀態。首次飛行預期將在二零零九年進行。


http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20080124/wl_uk_afp/usbritainspacebranson_080124091709
Virgin's Branson presents new space ship

1 hour, 39 minutes ago

NEW YORK (AFP) - Tycoon Richard Branson unveiled his newest spaceship and said that test flights for the vessel would begin this year.

Branson, who has ambitious plans to begin carrying tourists on short flights into space by 2010, revealed models and photographs of the newest version of SpaceShipTwo and also the twin-fuselage WhiteKnightTwo which will ferry SpaceShipTwo into the atmosphere for a midair launch.

Construction of the two should be completed by this year.

"2008 is really going to be the year of the spaceship," Branson, president of the Virgin Atlantic airline and a key backer of the private space flight effort, told a press conference Wednesday.

"The designs of both the mothership and the new spaceship are absolutely beautiful and surpass any expectations for the future of commercial spaceflight that we had when first registering the name Virgin Galactic in 1999," he said.

The two vessels are being built by Scaled Composites, an aircraft builder in Mojave, California, with plans to provide paying customers flights into suborbital space some (70 miles above the earth.

Branson said more than 200 passengers have confirmed their plans for the flight, which will cost 200,000 dollars each, and that some 85,000 have expressed interest.

With its numerous round windows providing views on all sides, SpaceShipTwo will carry two crew and six passengers, who will experience five minutes of zero gravity once in space.

The first flight is expected in 2009.

Natasha Pavlovich, a native of Yugoslavia and member of the 100 "founders" selected for the earliest flights, said she was crossing her fingers to be on the first tourist flight, due in 2010.

"I will become the first astronaut from former Yugoslavia," she said. "I want to see with my own eyes God's creation."

Luxembourg businessman Jean Ries said he was among the very first to sign up and back the project.

"I am a private pilot, and for a pilot to go into space is the ultimate goal."


May the Force be with you
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布蘭森的太空船 白騎士明年升空
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http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Content/0,4521,110504+112008012500490,00.html
中國時報 2008.01.25 
布蘭森的太空船 白騎士明年升空
楊明暐/綜合廿四日外電報導

 英國維京集團老闆布蘭森爵士23日公布其「太空船2號」(SpaceShipTwo,簡稱SS2)模型,他希望這艘「民營」太空船最快明年便能搭載旅客暢遊太空。

 布蘭森和航太設計專家柏特.魯坦在紐約曼哈頓的「美國自然歷史博物館」召開記者會,除了介紹SS2,還公布搭載太空船升空發射的雙機身4引擎飛機「白騎士2號」(WhiteKnightTwo,簡稱WK2)。

 布蘭森的太空事業是由維京旗下的「維京星系」公司負責經營,SS2一旦上路,將提供旅客前往太空「次軌道」短暫旅行的機會,每人每次收費20萬美元(約台幣650萬元)。

 布蘭森表示,他們希望讓想要體驗太空旅行的人得償宿願。他說:「雖然美元不再那麼值錢,但20萬美元對大部分人來說,還是太貴。我希望在營運5年後,價格能大幅降低。」

 WK2現已完成80%以上,預計今年稍後便可以展開試飛。WK2長23.7公尺,翼展42.7公尺,使用4具加拿大普拉特惠尼公司製造的PW308型引擎。

 SS2則已完成了60%,布蘭森還以母親的名字「艾芙」(Eve)稱呼這艘太空船。SS2長約18公尺,尾部有兩支巨大,狀似羽毛的活動垂直翼,其艙內可搭載負責駕駛的2名太空人和6名乘客。

 搭乘SS2的旅客,將從新墨西哥州沙漠新建的「美國太空港」(Spaceport America)出發。WK2載著SS2升上1萬5000公尺高空,SS2即脫離WK2,並啟動火箭引擎飛往更高空。

 SS2最終將飛到110公里的高空,這時乘客們可以經歷5分鐘太空無重力狀態,並透過直徑約45公分的窗戶觀賞地球以及繁星點點的太空。

 隨後,SS2將返回地面。整趟行程為時約兩小時30分鐘。「維京星系」宣稱,目前已有超過200人訂位,包括著名物理學家史蒂芬.霍金、電視影集《朱門恩怨》女星維多莉亞.普林西波和設計師菲利普.史塔克。另有8萬5000人表示對搭乘這艘太空船感興趣。

 SS2和WK2皆由魯坦設於加州莫哈維的「縮尺複合體公司」(Scaled Composites)負責製造。

 2004年,魯坦領導的團隊研製出「太空船1號」,並成功飛上100公里高的太空,從而贏得「安薩里X獎」及1000萬美元獎金。當時布蘭森便與魯坦簽約,委託他替「維京星系」設計太空船。

 推動民間太空旅遊活動的並非只有維京集團,「歐洲航空防衛暨太空公司」(EADS)去年6月即宣布計畫研製一種太空觀光飛機,預計2012年投入營運。此外,亞馬遜網路商店創辦人貝佐斯、網路金融公司PayPal創辦人穆斯克等企業家,也都在進行各自的太空計畫。

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太空噴射滑翔機 明年載客飛進太空玩
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http://udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR4/4195407.shtml
太空噴射滑翔機 明年載客飛進太空玩

【聯合報╱國際中心/綜合報導】 2008.01.25 02:26 am

維珍集團 (Virgin Group)創辦人、英國億萬富豪布蘭森(Richard Branson),23日與航太設計師魯丹(Burt Rutan)在紐約將他們共同開發的商業觀光太空船「太空船二號」(SpaceShip Two),以及太空船的載運飛機「白騎士二號」的模型公諸於世。他們希望太空船明年能定期載付費旅客到太空的次軌道(sub-orbital,比太空軌道稍低,距地球約一百公里)旅行。

他倆在曼哈坦的美國自然歷史博物館為媒體舉行說明會。整具模型很像太空梭與公司自用小型噴射客機的混合體,目前正在加州莫哈維沙漠的一座機棚打造,最快可望今年試飛。

幫助太空船升空的「白騎士二號」,是一個兩個機身、四具引擎的巨型噴射飛機,翼展43公尺。它將「太空船二號」載入高空,然後兩者脫離,太空船的駕駛接著發動火箭引擎,藉火箭動力進入太空。太空船的燃料為一氧化氮與塑膠固態燃料的混合物。到達次軌道後,駕駛將啟動太空船革新設計的羽翼,提高大氣的拉力,減緩速度,讓太空船滑翔降落回地球。 這項太空之旅將以新墨西哥州一個發射場為出發點,兩名機員最多可載客六人升空,展開約兩個半小時的次軌道旅行,其間乘客可打開安全帶飄浮,體會四分半鐘的無重力狀態。來自30國的兩百餘人已向維京集團屬下的太空觀光公司「維珍銀河公司」預訂座位,每人的費用約為20萬美元(約台幣647萬元),目前定金已收到3千萬美元(約台幣9億7千萬元)。

次軌道飛行是最最簡單、最短的太空旅行,從技術觀點看,太空船進入約一百公里高的太空,隨即返回地球,連圍繞地球飛行一圈都不到。

預定到太空觀光旅行者包括英國天文物理學泰斗霍金、前美國肥皂劇明星維多莉亞普琳西波和知名設計師菲利浦史塔克。

【2008/01/25 聯合報】

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23.01.2008 / VIRGIN GALACTIC UNVEIL SPACESHIP DESIGNS
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http://www.virgingalactic.com/htmlsite/news.php
23.01.2008 / VIRGIN GALACTIC UNVEIL SPACESHIP DESIGNS

Virgin Galactic herald's 'The Year of the Spaceship with the unveiling of the designs of SpaceShipTwo and WhiteKnightTwo. Virgin Galactic today unveiled the design of its new, environmentally benign, space launch system based on the X Prize winning technology of SpaceShipOne, which successfully flew into space for the third time in October 2004 and won the $10m Ansari X Prize. The construction of the White Knight Two (WK2) mothership, or carrier aircraft, is now very close to completion at Scaled Composites in Mojave, CA and is expected to begin flight testing in the summer of 2008. It is the world’s largest, all carbon composite aircraft; it has a unique high altitude lift capacity, capable of launching SpaceShipTwo and its eight astronauts into sub-orbital space flight. The WK2 mothership is powered by four Pratt and Whitney PW308A engines which are amongst the most powerful, economic and efficient engines available. The WK2 mothership has also been designed to be capable of lifting other payload and launching it into space. Whilst the two vehicles comprising the space launch system have been under construction, Virgin Galactic’s cadre of future astronauts has continued to grow strongly to well in excess of 200 individuals with around 85,000 registrations of interest to fly. Astronaut orientation for spaceflight is progressing well and already 80 of SpaceShipTwo’s first passengers have been through medical assessment and centrifuge training at the NASTAR facility in Philadelphia. Commenting on the unveiling, Burt Rutan, CEO of Scaled Composites, said: “Virgin Galactic produced a demanding output specification for the world’s first private human and payload space launch system. This required us to produce a safe but flexible design capable of multiple applications in new market sectors. I am confident that these vehicles, now in an advanced stage of construction, will achieve just that. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the whole team at Scaled Composites. “Looking up • way up!” is an expression we have shared since the X Prize began and now we are all excited that this year the dream will start to become a very tangible reality for everyone involved.” Sir Richard Branson, Founder of Virgin Galactic, added: “The designs of both the mothership and the new spaceship are absolutely beautiful and surpass any expectations for the future of commercial spaceflight that we had when first registering the name Virgin Galactic in 1999. Burt and his team have done a fantastic job and I am also delighted with the wonderful vision that Foster and Partners, working with URS, have shown in the final designs for Spaceport America in New Mexico. Finally, we are all very excited about the prospect of being able to develop a bio-fuel solution for the space launch system and we are looking forward to working with Pratt and Whitney and Virgin Fuels to trial an appropriate bio mix for the PW308A engines that will be powering our new carrier aircraft.” Virgin Galactic will make further announcements regarding the progress of the launch system, development of its markets, the test flying program and start of commercial operations at Spaceport America in due course.

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美國開創太空旅游時代
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http://news.yam.com/rusnews/international/200801/20080124411782.html
美國開創太空旅游時代
俄新網╱俄新網 2008-01-24 18:26     


 
俄新網RUSNEWS.CN紐約1月24日電 美國“維珍銀河”公司(Virgin Galactic)開設了全球首家太空旅游公司,並在紐約向媒體展示了自己的“太空的士”--“太空船2號”飛船(SpaceShipTwo)。飛船今年就會前往太空。公司的創始人,以熱衷挑戰極限而聞名的億萬富翁理查德·布蘭森在新聞發布會上說,“這是歷史性的時刻,它使得最普通的人都能享受在失重的狀態下自由飛行”。長達幾分鐘的首次太空之旅價值20萬美元,不過正如公司的代表們笑稱,這已包括了返程票。"維珍銀河"計劃在12年內將公司的飛行器發展到40至45台,預計到這段期限末,每日發射3至4枚火箭搭載游客升空。首次太空游的旅行票已經售空,這批即將遨游太空的游客中有88歲的老先生。現在約有8.5萬人排隊報名參加太空游。飛船設計師伯特·魯坦稱,“今天,我們開創了大眾飛向太空的時代。在我們計劃的前12年內,將有幾萬人實現太空游”。飛船的發射和著陸將在美國加利福尼亞州在建的太空機場完成。去年12月,聯合國新聞俱樂部將布萊森評為“2007年年度人物”,這不僅是源于他乘坐熱氣球飛越大西洋,更是因為他為生態項目和研究更環保型燃料注入大量資金。感覺敏銳的布蘭森向俄新社坦言,他將俄羅斯視為一個未探索的奇異國度。這位外形貌似好萊塢美國西部影片主人公的大富豪說,“我非常喜歡俄羅斯,是因為那里總有什麼事請發生,如果不是革命,至少還有別的什麼東西吸引人”。

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