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http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/2008-01-03/0938479543.html
美空軍為B-2隱身轟炸機裝備MOP巨型鑽地彈

http://www.sina.com.cn 2008年01月03日 09:38 中國航空信息網

  美國《空軍時報》2008年1月1日報導 駐密蘇里州Whiteman空軍基地的美國空軍509轟炸機聯隊於上週四宣佈,該基地的武器專家正在研究將重達30000磅(13620千克)的巨型鑽地彈(Massive Ordnance Penetrator,MOP)搭載在B-2“幽靈(Spirit)”隱身轟炸機的彈艙內。按照計畫,每架B-2轟炸機將可攜帶兩枚MOP,兩個彈艙內各一枚。據透露,為B-2轟炸機裝備MOP的計畫開始於2007年7月,在去年11月美國國會批准1000萬美元的經費後進展加快。

  MOP目前仍然處於測試中,該炸彈主要用於摧毀洞穴、坑道和掩體等地下隱蔽目標或經過加強的堅固目標,伊朗的核設施或基地組織的地下設施都屬於這一類目標。該型炸彈正式裝備後,將成為美國空軍武器庫中最大的炸彈,遠遠超過目前所裝備的21000磅(9534千克)的巨型空爆炸彈(Massive Ordnance Air Blast Bomb,MOAB)、15000磅(6810千克)的“daisy-cutter”炸彈以及5000磅(2270千克)的BLU-113/BLU-122等各型炸彈。(中國航空信息中心 陳黎)


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誰說只有喬丹會飛 冒險家成功測試飛行翼
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http://news.yam.com/afp/entertain/200805/20080515378941.html
誰說只有喬丹會飛 冒險家成功測試飛行翼
法新社╱郭無患 2008-05-15 13:50   
 
 
(法新社瑞士貝克斯十四日電)希臘神話中的伊卡魯斯穿戴父親做的羽翼飛上天空,卻因太接近太陽而燒毀墜地隕命;現代的瑞士冒險家羅希今天測試新型噴射推進「翅膀」則十分順利,平安愉快的降落地面。

自稱為「融合人」的羅希今天在瑞士西部小鎮貝克斯穿著他的新型碳纖維翅膀,搭乘小飛機在兩千五百公尺的空中躍下,發動噴射翼,人翼結合展現各種動作達五分鐘,然後他在降落傘的協助下,平安返回地面。

這付「翅膀」全寬二點五公尺,由四具小型噴射發動機推動,羅希配備他獨特的噴射翅膀飛翔時,最高時速可達三百公里,但由於發動機攜帶燃料有限,他最多只能滯空十分鐘。

四十八歲的羅希曾經擔任瑞士空軍飛行員,現在是瑞士國際航空公司的機師,於二零零四年首度公開他的飛行翼設計。

飛行翼並非每次操作都輕鬆自在,二零零五年一次試飛時飛行翼失控,下墜到離地五百公尺才張開降落傘。


http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080515/ap_on_re_eu/switzerland_rocket_man;_ylt=AonaRjQv754_IPcPic4_6Ax0bBAF
Swiss man soars above Alps with jet-powered wing

By FRANK JORDANS, Associated Press Writer
1 hour, 43 minutes ago

BEX, Switzerland - A Swiss pilot strapped on a jet-powered wing and leaped from a plane Wednesday for the first public demonstration of the homemade device, turning figure eights and soaring high above the Alps.
 
Yves Rossy's performance in front of the world press capped five years of training and many more years of dreaming.

"This flight was absolutely excellent," the former fighter pilot and extreme sports enthusiast said after touching down on an airfield near the eastern shore of Lake Geneva.

Rossy, 48, had stepped out of the Swiss-built Pilatus Porter aircraft at 7,500 feet and unfolded the rigid eight-foot wings strapped to his back before jumping.

Passing from free fall to a gentle glide, Rossy then triggered four jet turbines and accelerated to 186 miles per hour, about 65 miles per hour faster than the typical falling skydiver. A plane that flew at some distance beside him measured his speed.

The crowd on the mountaintop below gasped and cheered.

Rossy's mother, who was among the spectators, told journalists she felt no fear.

"He knows what he's doing," Paule Rossy said of her son, who now flies commercial planes for Swiss airlines.

Steering with his body, Rossy dived, turned and soared again, performing what appeared to be effortless loops from one side of the Rhone valley to the other. At times he rose 2,600 feet before descending again.

After one last wave to the crowd the rocket man tipped his wings, flipped onto his back and leveled out again, executing a perfect 360-degree roll.

"That was to impress the girls," he later admitted.

Rossy said after Wednesday's five-minute flight, he is ready now for a bigger challenge: crossing the English Channel this year.

The stunt, which will be shown on live television, will test his flying machine to the limit. Rossy said he plans to practice the 22-mile trip by flying between two hot-air balloons.

"I still haven't used the full potential," he said.

Rossy told The Associated Press that one day he also hopes to fly through the Grand Canyon.

To do this, he will have to fit his wings with bigger, more powerful jets to allow for greater maneuverability. The German-built model aircraft engines he currently uses already provide 200 pounds of thrust, enough to allow Rossy and his 120-pound flying suit to climb through the air.

"Physically, it's absolutely no stress," Rossy said. "It's like being on a motorbike."

But on this ride, even the slightest movement can cause problems. Rossy said he has to focus hard on relaxing in the air, because "if you put tension on your body, you start to swing around."

Should things go wrong — and Rossy says they have more times than not — there's always a yellow handle to jettison the wings and unfold the parachute.

"I've had many 'whoops' moments," he said. "My safety is altitude."

Rossy wears a heat-resistant suit similar to that worn by firefighters and racing drivers, to protect him from the heat of the turbines. The cooling effect of the wind and high altitude also prevent him from getting too hot.

Rossy says his form of human flight will remain the reserve of very few for now. The price and effort involved are simply too enormous, he says.

So far Rossy and his sponsors, including the Swiss watch company Hublot, have poured more than $285,000 and countless hours of labor into building the device. He would not estimate how much his device would cost should it ever be brought to market.

But, he believes similar jet-powered wings will one day be more widely available to experienced parachutists ready for the ultimate flying experience.

That is, if they don't mind missing out on the breathtaking panorama above the Swiss Alps.

"I am so concentrated, I don't really enjoy the view," Rossy said.

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S. Korea develops core technology for stealth fighter: sources
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http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2008/05/12/52/0301000000AEN20080512000400315F.HTML
S. Korea develops core technology for stealth fighter: sources

   SEOUL, May 12 (Yonhap) -- South Korea has developed the core technology for radar-evading stealth fighters and is preparing for a test flight of a fighter equipped with the technology, defense officials said Monday.

   It has been nine years since the Agency for Defense Development (ADD) and other South Korean defense research institutes began developing stealth fighter technology in 1999.

   The ADD successfully conducted a test flight of a miniature fighter equipped with the technology late last year, an official said, refusing to reveal whether the core technology is based on a coating or an alloy.

   The ADD is preparing for a test flight of an F-4 fighter equipped with the technology, the official said.

   South Korea has a plan to begin purchasing up to 60 stealth fighter jets, like F-22s or F-35s, in 2012 for deployment until 2019.

   Aside from the plan to purchase stealth fighters from abroad, South Korea will also try to secure the stealth technology, another official said, noting "China, Russia and Japan are striving to secure the stealth technology and apply it to their weapons systems with the aim of securing command of the air in Northeast Asia."
"We hope to develop all the core technologies for embodiment of functional stealth by the mid 2010s," he said, adding South Korean defense research institutes have already developed part of the technology for designing fighters and naval vessels for effective evasion of radar and radio waves.

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南韓成功研發隱形飛機部份核心科技
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http://news.yam.com/cna/international/200805/20080512316527.html
南韓成功研發隱形飛機部份核心科技
中央社╱中央社 2008-05-12 11:36
     
(中央社記者姜遠珍首爾十二日專電)據南韓防衛產業廳和國防科學研究所透露,在經過九年的實驗和努力之後,南韓國軍終於成功研發出有關隱形飛機的部份核心科技。

南韓「聯合新聞通訊社」今天引述防衛產業廳和國防科學研究所消息人士的話指出,南韓國軍從一九九九年開始,以國防科學研究所為主導研究單位,就隱形飛機的材料和相關武器系統進行了應用研發,最近終於研製出具備隱形功效、可以吸收電波的材料。

據了解,南韓國防科學研究所已將該材料─隱形物質附加於F-4戰機和模型小戰機後,極秘密地進行過陸面測試,並取得良好結果和評價。

但是南韓防衛產業廳和國防科學研究所都以保安為理由,未具體表明該材料為塗料還是特殊合金。

報導指出,據悉,南韓國防科學研究所目前正在與空軍合作,對附加隱形材料的F-4戰機進行空中飛行測試。一旦測試成功,該材料將正式用於隱形飛機等武器系統方面。

同時,南韓軍方並透露,目前已掌握了可以使戰機和艦艇儘可能避免敵人雷達監測的隱形設計部份技術,南韓軍方已於二零零三年利用掌握的電波吸收材料來試驗研發運用於武器系統,預估可望於二零一零年研發出足以實現隱形功效的全部核心科技。

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美軍新一代戰略轟炸機將具備戰略偵察性能
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http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/p/2008-05-02/1026498195.html
美軍新一代戰略轟炸機將具備戰略偵察性能

http://www.sina.com.cn 2008年05月02日 10:26 東方網

  據俄羅斯《紐帶》網報導,美國空軍目前正在計畫賦予新一代戰略轟炸機以新的用途。其中的一種設想是利用新型轟炸機出色的隱身效果和長時間的巡航能力,執行秘密偵察任務。

  在SR-71“黑鳥”偵察機於上世紀90年代退役後,美國空軍事實上便喪失了能夠突破敵方現代化防空網實施偵察的航空器。而美軍現役的U-2高空偵察機和“全球鷹”無人機雖然能夠實施多種偵察活動,但它們卻均很容易被敵方發現和擊落,因此,在敵方領土上執行任務的效率並不高。

  除此之外,裝備有複雜偵察設備的U-2只能持續執行約12小時的飛行任務(受到飛行員體能的嚴重制約),而“全球鷹”雖然可以持續飛行數天,但其目前還無法執行無線電偵察任務。

  為此,利用新一代戰略轟炸機執行遠端偵察任務的議題便被美國空軍提上了議事日程。美空軍官員認為,新一代隱形戰略轟炸機將成為解決目前困境(缺乏具有較高突防能力的高空遠端偵察機)最有效的手段之一。

  專家們認為,美國新一代的戰略轟炸機將在2018年開始服役。這種飛機將具有非常出色的隱身能力,可以攜帶12-18噸的武器載荷。種種跡象表明,未來無人機將在美軍的轟炸機部隊中佔據很大比例,但執行核轟炸任務的仍將是由飛行員駕駛的轟炸機。

  目前,諾思羅普•格魯曼公司和由波音與洛克希德•馬丁公司組成的財團正在競爭美軍新一代轟炸機的研製合同。預計用於建造新型轟炸機的首筆大額撥款將被列入美國2010財政年度的撥款預算。

  分析人士指出,美國空軍將會裝備100架新一代戰略轟炸機。一旦將新機用作偵察用途的方案獲得通過,美軍採購新型轟炸機的數量還將進一步增加。

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Lockheed Martin Signs Agreement with EESTOR
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http://www.lockheedmartin.com/news/press_releases/2008/010908_LockheedMartinSignsAgreement.html
Lockheed Martin Signs Agreement with EESTOR, Inc., for Energy Storage Solutions

DALLAS, TX, January 9th, 2008 -- Lockheed Martin [NYSE: LMT] has signed an exclusive international rights agreement to integrate and market Electrical Energy Storage Units (EESU) from EEStor, Inc., for military and homeland security applications.  Specific terms of the agreement were not disclosed.

EEStor, based in Cedar Park, TX, is developing a ceramic battery chemistry that could provide 10 times the energy density of lead acid batteries at 1/10th the weight and volume.  As envisioned, EESUs will be a fully “green” technology that will be half the price per stored watt-hour than traditional battery technologies.

“Lockheed Martin has a wide range of innovative energy solutions for federal, state and regional energy applications,” said Glenn Miller, vice president of Technical Operations and Applied Research at Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control.  “The EEStor energy storage technology provides potential solutions for the demanding requirements for energy in military and homeland defense applications.”

EESUs are planned as nontoxic, non-hazardous and non-explosive.  Since the EESU design is based on ultra-capacitor architecture, it will allow for flexible packaging and rapid charge/discharge capabilities.  EESUs will be ideally suited for a wide range of power management initiatives that could lead to energy independence for the Warfighter.

“Lockheed Martin continues to focus on providing our Warfighters with new and innovative technologies that will make their jobs easier,” said Lionel Liebman, manager of Program Development – Applied Research at Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control.  “Our ruggedized BattPack™ energy storage unit generated considerable interest at the Association of the United States Army Annual Meeting in October 2007 for its potential for fuel savings in vehicular silent watch applications.  The potential of an even safer, smaller and more powerful EESU in BattPack™ would significantly enhance the Warfighter’s capabilities.”

EESU qualification testing and mass production at EEStor’s facility in Cedar Park is planned for late 2008.

EEStor, Inc., of Cedar Park, TX, originally developed its solid-state EESU technology as a longer lasting, lighter, more powerful environmentally friendly electronic storage unit for a wide variety of applications.  EEStor’s vision also includes EESU facilitating the conversion of wind energy and photovoltaics into primary electrical energy providers and increasing the role of renewables for increasing energy production.  Its CEO and president, Richard Weir, is also the inventor named on its EESU principal technology patent.

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美國科技點子庫 先進署慶生50周年
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http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Content/0,4521,110504+112008041000523,00.html
中國時報 2008.04.10 
美國科技點子庫 先進署慶生50周年
潘勛/綜合華盛頓九日外電報導

     美國國防部「國防先進研究計劃署」(簡稱先進署)10日慶祝成立50周年,美國副總統錢尼並將出席相關活動,為該署慶生。自1958年誕生以來,先進署成就非凡,曾糾集專家造出網際網路的藍本,研發出「農神」火箭讓美國成功登陸月球等等。

     先進署成立伊始,便放眼全球,找尋基本的科學、科技新發現,而且著手轉化成美軍轟動各界的資產。現任署長泰瑟表示,先進署甚至願意接受沒有資料佐證的點子,出錢找資料,看看那個點子是否站得住腳,也就是說,從事風險最高的研究。

     1957年,前蘇聯發射「史潑尼克一號」(旅伴一號,Sputnik 1)人造衛星,在太空科技領域擊敗美國。美國在艾森豪總統指示下,翌年成立先進署,主要的目標在保護美國,不再受到敵國科技突飛猛進所打擊。此後先進署的任務不斷演化,今日其任務包括自己科技不斷推陳出新,讓美軍能壓倒對手。

     先進署規模小,行事隱秘,但成立以來累積不少令人矚目的成就,其中對美國經濟貢獻最大的是造出「國防先進研究計劃署網路」(Arpanet),後來演進為網際網路。該署還資助發明出電腦滑鼠(第一個是由木頭雕成,只有單鍵)。

     此外,先進署發展出農神火箭計畫,從而實現美國的登月構想;設想出種種科技,讓匿蹤式戰鬥轟炸機、精靈炸彈及遙控「掠食者」偵察攻擊機得以實現。

     目前替先進署工作的人大約240名,其中120人任職4到6年便成為專案經理或辦公室主管;先進署雖然沒有自己的實驗室,卻資助產業界及大學進行的研究。泰瑟署長表示,先進署每隔幾年便輪替技術專業人員,長保用人鮮活,因此有源源不絕的成就。

     先進署執行的研究,幾乎跨足每個學域,生物學、微電子、人造衛星、無人汽車與戰機;泰瑟表示,先進署包山包海,凡是人類想像力所及的,該署已經著手在做。

     先進署目前著手研發的,有雙向翻譯系統,可供美軍到全球各地與人溝通使用;此外還有由大腦直接控制的義肢,讓傷殘官士兵可以留在軍中,貢獻力如常,不必退伍。

     當然,先進署許多專案可能用在軍事,所以列屬機密;此外,該署也不希望一切曝光。先進署成立50周年慶晚餐會在華府舉行,將邀請1700名歷屆署方工作人員、合夥人等參加。

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氫電池飛機升空 可坐2人全球首例 環保動力 3度試飛成功
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http://1-apple.com.tw/index.cfm?Fuseaction=Article&Sec_ID=3&ShowDate=20080405&IssueID=20080405&art_id=30422911&NewsType=1&SubSec=11
蘋果日報2008年4月5日

氫電池飛機升空 可坐2人全球首例 環保動力 3度試飛成功

【李寧怡╱綜合外電報導】美國波音公司前天宣布創下全球首例,讓一架以氫燃料電池為動力的載人飛機試飛成功。氫燃料電池不造成污染,也不耗用自然資源,是環保的動力來源。不過波音指出,氫燃料電池只能用於發動小型飛機,無法作為大型客機的主要動力。

美國
試飛成功的小飛機,是波音旗下研發機構「幻影工廠」(Phantom Works)領導英、法、德、奧地利、西班牙等國的企業與學術機構,歷時五年研究而誕生的心血結晶。波音於今年二月與三月,在該公司位於西班牙奧卡納的研發中心三度成功試飛這架飛機。波音技術長崔希(John Tracy)前天在奧卡納發布這項消息時說,這是波音「歷史性的技術成就」,可望帶給人們「更環保的未來」。
 
排水蒸氣無噪音
這架螺旋槳小飛機重800公斤、長6.5公尺、翼展16.3公尺,可乘坐兩人,不過試飛時僅載有一名飛行員。小飛機起飛時為增加推進力,用鋰電池補充動力,但當飛機進入距海平面1000公尺的高空時,則僅仰賴氫燃料電池,以時速100公里飛行20分鐘。波音指出,小飛機的續航力為45分鐘,飛行時「未製造任何噪音」。
氫燃料電池將氫分解成質子與電子,用於推動引擎,它只排放無污染的水蒸氣。但波音表示,氫燃料電池可望用作小型飛機的主要動力,但不太可能成為大型客機的主要動力。負責這三次試飛工作的工程師拉裴娜則指出,經過約20年研究後,氫燃料電池技術可望成為大型飛機的次要動力來源。

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拚環保 波音研發氫動力飛機
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http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Content/0,4521,110504+112008040500310,00.html
中國時報 2008.04.05 
拚環保 波音研發氫動力飛機
本報編譯組/綜合報導

     美國飛機製造大廠波音公司領先全球,成功試飛了以氫燃料電池為動力的飛機,而這項突破可能引領航空業走向更環保的未來。

     波音公司技術長崔西說:「波音讓一架以氫燃料電池作為動力來源的載人飛機飛上天空,這是航空史上的創舉。」但波音表示,雖然氫燃料電池可作小飛機的動力來源,但它不認為這種電池可作為大型民航機的主要動力來源。

     今年2月與3月,波音在歐坎納機場成功試飛了3次氫燃料電池動力飛機,而試飛的機型是一架白色螺旋槳小飛機,重約800公斤,機身長6.5公尺,翼展16.3公尺,可載2人。

     該機試飛時機上僅有1名駕駛,而由跑道起飛時,機上原來配備的傳統電池組發揮了助升作用,但飛機升空後僅靠機上的氫燃料電池提供動力,並以100公里的時速飛行約20分鐘,航高則達1000公尺。

     氫燃料電池係以氫能為主要燃料,直接將化學能轉換成電能,具有高能源轉換效率與低污染等優點。燃料電池含有陰陽兩個電極,分別充滿電解液,而兩個電極間則為具有滲透性的薄膜所構成。氫氣由燃料電池的陽極進入,氧氣(或空氣)則由陰極進入燃料電池。經由催化劑的作用,陽極的氫原子分解成2個氫質子與2個電子,其中質子被氧「吸引」到薄膜的另一邊,電子則經由外電路形成電流後,到達陰極。在陰極催化劑之作用下,氫質子、氧及電子發生反應形成水分子,因此水可說是燃料電池唯一的排放物。在波音的測試飛機中,氫燃料電池放在乘客座,而駕駛座則放置一個氧氣筒,就如同潛水客背上的氧氣瓶一樣。

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氫電池動力飛機 三度試飛成功
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http://udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR4/4287327.shtml
氫電池動力飛機 三度試飛成功
 
【聯合報╱法新社/西班牙奧卡納3日電】 2008.04.05 02:29 am
 
美國波音飛機公司3日宣布已首開紀錄,三度成功試飛氫燃料電池動力飛機。此一突破可能帶來更環保的航空工業。

波音公司技術長崔西在西班牙中部奧卡納市該公司研究中心的記者會上說:「波音公司已試飛氫燃料電池動力飛機,這是航空史上的第一次。這項發展是波音公司歷史性的科技成就,為更環保的前景帶來很大希望。」

波音今年2月及3月在馬德里市南方的奧卡納機場三度成功試飛氫燃料電池動力飛機。測試飛機為一架白色小型螺旋槳飛機,機身長度為6.5公尺,重量約800公斤,翼展16.3公尺,可載二人。

這架飛機以100公里時速飛行大約20分鐘,高度在海平面以上約1000公尺。飛機只使用氫燃料電池供應的動力,當時飛機上只有機師一人。氫燃料電池的動力來自液態氫與氧結合為水時產生的能量。此種動力可望帶來更清潔及可再使用的能源,因它產生的「廢物」只是對人無害的水蒸氣。

【2008/04/05 聯合報】

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Boeing Successfully Flies Fuel Cell-Powered Airplane
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http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2008/q2/080403a_nr.html
Boeing Successfully Flies Fuel Cell-Powered Airplane

MADRID, Spain, April 03, 2008 -- Boeing [NYSE: BA] announced today that it has, for the first time in aviation history, flown a manned airplane powered by hydrogen fuel cells.

The recent milestone is the work of an engineering team at Boeing Research & Technology Europe (BR&TE) in Madrid, with assistance from industry partners in Austria, France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States.

"Boeing is actively working to develop new technologies for environmentally progressive aerospace products," said Francisco Escarti, BR&TE's managing director. "We are proud of our pioneering work during the past five years on the Fuel Cell Demonstrator Airplane project. It is a tangible example of how we are exploring future leaps in environmental performance, as well as a credit to the talents and innovative spirit of our team."

A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts hydrogen directly into electricity and heat with none of the products of combustion such as carbon dioxide. Other than heat, water is its only exhaust.

A two-seat Dimona motor-glider with a 16.3 meter (53.5 foot) wingspan was used as the airframe. Built by Diamond Aircraft Industries of Austria, it was modified by BR&TE to include a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell/lithium-ion battery hybrid system to power an electric motor coupled to a conventional propeller.

Three test flights took place in February and March at the airfield in Ocaña, south of Madrid, operated by the Spanish company SENASA.

During the flights, the pilot of the experimental airplane climbed to an altitude of 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) above sea level using a combination of battery power and power generated by hydrogen fuel cells. Then, after reaching the cruise altitude and disconnecting the batteries, the pilot flew straight and level at a cruising speed of 100 kilometers per hour (62 miles per hour) for approximately 20 minutes on power solely generated by the fuel cells.

According to Boeing researchers, PEM fuel cell technology potentially could power small manned and unmanned air vehicles. Over the longer term, solid oxide fuel cells could be applied to secondary power-generating systems, such as auxiliary power units for large commercial airplanes. Boeing does not envision that fuel cells will ever provide primary power for large passenger airplanes, but the company will continue to investigate their potential, as well as other sustainable alternative fuel and energy sources that improve environmental performance.

BR&TE, part of the Boeing Phantom Works advanced R&D unit, has worked closely with Boeing Commercial Airplanes and a network of partners since 2003 to design, assemble and fly the experimental craft.

The group of companies, universities and institutions participating in this project includes:

Austria -- Diamond Aircraft Industries
France -- SAFT France
Germany -- Gore and MT Propeller
Spain -- Adventia, Aerlyper, Air Liquide Spain, Indra, Ingeniería de Instrumentación y Control (IIC), Inventia, SENASA, Swagelok, Técnicas Aeronauticas de Madrid (TAM), Tecnobit, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, and the Regional Government of Madrid
United Kingdom -- Intelligent Energy
United States -- UQM Technologies.

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