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從Mental Floss的文章談兩種錯誤的翻譯觀念
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Alex
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☆Princess蕾蕾☆
啥啊?
Rebec
Chocola
張爺

首先,那篇Mental Floss文章相當簡單,本不需要翻譯的,直接以美語的心去閱讀就夠了。這一陣子的「爭議」,其實是個non-controversy (問答題:這個字要怎麼翻譯?)。

原作者是美國人,他遠在天邊,不是近在眼前,用美語寫了一篇文章。我們不認識這位美國人,未曾與他有過面對面的交談,而且從頭到尾只有這一篇文章,沒有原作者其他文章可資參照。那麼我們應該以什麼方式去詮釋他所寫的文章才是合理?

先說一說不合理的翻譯觀念。

一、中英字典基本教義派法

用中英字典去解釋文章中特定的字或詞,忽略了文章的脈絡,而且專挑可能的或自己認定是「負面」字眼去判斷全文,是見樹不見林的作法。Gail等因此而出現了不少錯誤,而且錯誤的地方不只是unlikely的誤譯,也不只限於緊抓住keep dreaming不放的解釋。

過於偏重特定的字或詞,其實是長遠以來台灣學生學習英文閱讀一個不太好的習慣。在辦公室,我經常看到大學畢業沒多少年的年輕同仁,為了閱讀一篇英文文章而拼命查字典,而且用的是中英字典,還不是英英字典,這不是增進英文閱讀能力的適當方法,反而有害。

「This is the story of five unlikely leaders-a handful of women and men who inherited giant crises and had the courage to make difficult and unpopular decisions.

這是五位成功無望的領袖的故事--是繼承了巨大危機的男男女女裡的一小撮人,並且有勇氣做成困難且不得人心的決定。」

這句英文原文是全文的topic sentence它在英文寫作的功能是點出全文的主旨,不能有容易令讀者產生閱讀混淆的說法,而事實上原英句本就沒有問題

很不幸,Gail的翻譯卻將之改成意義難以前後連接的中文句子,而且還發生對英文文法理解上的錯誤,也沒有任何代表前後意義不同的連接詞連接。

這種翻法實在是很牽強,在美語中,unlikely leaders通常是正面的意義,從該句下文來看,這種領袖有勇氣做出困難與不受歡迎的決定,非大家之前一般預期。另外,有勇氣做出困難與不受歡迎的決定,其實是讚美,而捨棄通用的翻譯原則,卻故意翻成不得人心,也非翻譯之道。這句中文不只是unlikely這個字翻譯有誤而已,還有關係形容詞之前「繼承了巨大危機的男男女女裡的一小撮人」的翻法也有問題,對英文文法的理解明顯不足。

從「非凡的領袖」轉變成「成功無望的領袖」,如此一改,與緊接著unlikely leaders的後文正面語調意義難以連接,這是很不恰當的翻法。在此之前,翻譯成「非凡」也不正確,因為太過。這不是「我」決定要改還是不改,也不是其後以長篇大論去「協助」讀者「解讀」,就可以這樣過關的。

如果這就是所謂原作者的本意,我只能說原作者發瘋了,連topic sentence都不會寫了。

二、靈媒讀心術法

另外一種作法也不恰當,那就是讀心術式的解讀方法,彷彿說話者可以透視原作者的內在動機與心靈結構,但問題是,我們又不是靈媒,這裏也沒有任何一個人親身認識原作者,而且從頭到尾只有這一篇文章,沒有原作者其他文章可資參照,讀心術式的作法是很不妥當的。例如,將everything (anything) is possible 解釋成是原作者模糊的手法,以示客套。但我們怎麼知道他是如此?甚至乾脆順勢將之翻譯成「凡事都不無可能」,規避了「凡事都有可能」的簡潔優點。Anything is possible這幾個字在英文上沒有模糊之處,何以要刻意弄成不無可能的模糊用意?難道這就是原作者的「本意」?如何得知?

其後,又為了勉強解釋anything is possible是模糊用法,繼而將but的用法輕描淡寫,解釋為趣味性或只是轉折性用法,忽略but做為連接詞使前後意義不同或至少不相容的用法,但我們又怎麼知道原作者喜歡以but 這個字表示趣味或只是轉折的用法?我們是靈媒?套句英文,這一類靈媒讀心術式的「解釋」可以說是It leads no where。

合理的方法,是根據基本的英文閱讀與英翻中原則,配合應該有的文法意義,對特定字詞的前後文去合理且合邏輯地判斷原作者的意思,尤其是沒有在美國有長期居住的經驗,不太清楚許多當地約定俗成的用法,更要避免以自我偏好,加上過多的想像力,再以字典當擋箭牌硬擋,還出現長篇大論的自我解讀,這些都不會增進英文的閱讀能力的。
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引用
引用網址:https://city.udn.com/forum/trackback.jsp?no=57666&aid=3619350
引用者清單(1)
2009/09/20 12:49 【尋王之盟】 在"But"之前與之後,mental floss怎麼褒貶馬英九
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這五位unlikely leaders「得獎」原因是因為……
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GAIL
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Chocola

馬英九當選總統並非「意料之外」並非「黑馬」,以2008選舉時的情勢。

魯拉的出身當選巴西總統是黑馬。

那句「This is the story of five unlikely leaders」接著的是「a handful of women and men who inherited giant crises and had the courage to make difficult and unpopular decisions.」

「unpopular」是太過明顯的負面表述,但Alex說這句話其實是讚美。

「unlikely leader」在大部分場合裡是正面表述,但在一本已經鐵錚錚被證實「諷刺主調」的雜誌裡,加上「courage」 加上「unpopular」,Alex卻可通通解釋為正面表述。

今日下午我將旁證全寫完,在我網站,我尚且找到另一份不錯的全文翻譯,在鯨魚網站。

現在頭很暈,不曉得這樣大量查證值不值得。

https://city.udn.com/51771/3619849
http://www.hi-on.org.tw/bulletins.jsp?b_ID=93583

這五位unlikely leaders「得獎」原因是因為「had the courage to make difficult and unpopular decisions.」,並非出身,而是「勇氣」--明知困難與不受歡迎還做那樣決定的「勇氣」,呼應於封面的最有「Guts」………
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希姆萊、希特勒、佛朗哥也曾被認為是「unlikely leader」………
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德國納粹黨衛軍頭子希姆萊、希特勒、佛朗哥也曾被認為是「unlikely leader」………

http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-9938756_ITM

Himmler was an unlikely leader of men......

http://www.countingdown.com/features?feature_id=2745182

Hitler seems an unlikely leader with little in the way of social graces or refinement.

http://search.barnesandnoble.com/Franco/Gabrielle-Ashford-Hodges/e/9780312282851

The diminutive and contradictory Francisco Franco (1892-1975), who as a youth had seemed such an unlikely leader, rose to power with the military support of Hitler and Mussolini in an atmosphere of brutal civil war.

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Yanks Find Bronx Bargain in Unlikely Ace Wang
    回應給: Lohengrin(lohengrin) 推薦1


Alex
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Lohengrin

其實我也知道對他們沒有用,但眼尖的人應該會發現,這是我在好幾個月前加入「尋王之盟」網市之後,第一篇開新欄的文章,目的在那裏?寫給其他人看的,否則我很懶得開新欄寫文章。

當然我很感慨,我不知道鴉湯的背景(但我讀過他在天下爽城寫的文章,他認真寫起來,筆路相當有條理),但我們其他三位至少都在美國有七、八年或以上的生活經驗,他們卻來告訴我們美語單字的意義以及如何閱讀英文文章?我看美語Give me a five,他們大概會根據字典翻譯成「給我一個五」,這是什麼東東?

轉貼一篇NBC於2006年的英文新聞報導如后,按照英漢字典基本教義派的譯法,原來王建民其實是「成功無望的王牌投手」,而且有名的美國國家廣播公司一開始就在諷刺王建民。

Yanks find Bronx bargain in unlikely ace Wang
Second-year sinkerballer provides bang for the buck in expensive rotation   
   
NBCSports.com
By Kieran O'Dwyer
updated 8:48 p.m. ET Oct. 1, 2006

Chien-Ming Wang, the unlikely ace of the Yankees' staff, has compiled an impressive collection of eye-opening starts this season.

There was a 3-hit gem against the Athletics in May during which he threw an economical 85 pitches in eight innings. There were his gutsy seven innings of 1-run ball against the Red Sox in June, just two weeks after the Sox battered him for seven runs in his worst outing of the season. And there was a 2-hit shutout of the Devil Rays in late July.

Perhaps the most telling start by Wang, a 26-year-old righthander, came in his next outing after blanking the D-Rays. Facing the Blue Jays in mid-90s heat at Yankee Stadium, Wang pitched eight shutout innings. But it was his efficient 1-2-3 seventh and eighth innings — all groundouts — after a half-hour in the dugout while his teammates put up a 6-run sixth that left the greatest impression.

"He just stays so focused," Yankees catcher Jorge Posada says. "He doesn't let things affect him. His throws his sinker about 85 percent of the time, and it's 95 miles per hour, heavy and has so much movement. He goes out there and keeps coming at you."
Story continues below ↓advertisement | your ad here

All while providing a bang for the buck rarely seen in the Bronx. His $353,175 salary is less than what teammates Mike Mussina and Randy Johnson make in a start. Wang, in his second big-league season after signing with the Yankees out of his native Taiwan in 2000, is more concerned with his pitching than his paycheck.

"I am having a lot of fun," says Wang, who speaks limited English. Thanks in part to Wang, the Yankees are having a fine time, too, on the way to their ninth consecutive American League East title. Wang ranks among AL leaders in wins (18) and ERA (3.57) and is No. 1 among starters in fewest homers allowed (12) and ground ball-to-fly ball ratio (2.92-to-1). If not for the brilliance of Twins lefthander Johan Santana, Wang would be a serious candidate for the AL Cy Young Award.
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How to ask a question rudely and still get an answer?
    回應給: SCFtw2(SCFtw2) 推薦0


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Hey you SCF, what the heck does "痌瘝在抱哀毀骨立" mean?

I am reasonably sure that he will give me a good answer. 

See, people are reasonably thick-skinned over the internet.  It is nice to have social grace, but you don't need a lot of it here.  When you don't understand something, say you don't understand and ask.  Just don't tell people they are wrong or question their integrity or imply hidden political motives or hurl insults at them.


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池淺王八多
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Lohengrin

.

{本欄}

引用文章怎樣~~~

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廟小妖風大,池淺王八多。嬝嬝凌俠隱,婷婷落巫婆。

---------------------------------------------------------

正式向s神龞下一則通牒:
回應文章這隻神龞連應聲都不敢的一篇勸導性文字 (Chocola)
市民Chocola2009/09/19
06:08
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〈神佛院中活寶多〉
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Lohengrin

.

神佛院中活寶多

吉訶德心夢難託

智者平生腦無惑

屁精出口日成坨

.

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They have no business in translation (2)
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When I read Chinese, I think in Chinese and I comprehend.  I don't translate.  As SCF has pointed out directly and as I have implied before, being able to understand something and the ability to translate it are two very different things.  Those who understand both languages understand how difficult translation can be.  Take a simple phrase such as [unlikely leaders], I would search my brain in vain.  Nothing I know in Chinese feels right.  Of course, if you are the google translator, you have no problem, you just search your database/dictionary and, voila, you get your answer. 

Being able to carry conversations in Chinese and in English is a necessary, but not sufficient ability for a good translator.  Anyone who cannot do this has no business in translating between the two.

And they deride me for insisting on carrying this conversation in English.  Speaking of irony, this irony is just glaring, but they have invested too much emotion into their arguments to see it, but this is not new.

For the same reason, there is nothing Alex can do to change their minds.  Rational arguments stop working at this stage and with people like that.  I seriously doubt they would have changed their minds even if both Shakespeare and Dickens had suddenly come alive and told them so.


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是啊。神佛院裡的活寶還真多。
    回應給: Alex(Alex) 推薦1


啥啊?
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Lohengrin



我很想知道那兩隻活寶怎麼翻譯這本書的書名。

American on Purpose: The Improbable Adventures of an Unlikely Patriot

要是不能靠文法理解,敲進去就是阿媽爽書店的介紹。除了不能看內容有點小氣,至少可以看到出版社的介紹,還有讀者的書評。

In American on Purpose, Craig Ferguson delivers a moving and achingly funny memoir of living the American dream as he journeys from the mean streets of Glasgow, Scotland, to the comedic promised land of Hollywood. Along the way he stumbles through several attempts to make his mark—as a punk rock musician, a construction worker, a bouncer, and, tragically, a modern dancer.

To numb the pain of failure, Ferguson found comfort in drugs and alcohol, addictions that eventually led to an aborted suicide attempt. (He forgot to do it when someone offered him a glass of sherry.) But his story has a happy ending: in 1993, the washed-up Ferguson washed up in the United States. Finally sober, Ferguson landed a breakthrough part on the hit sitcom The Drew Carey Show, a success that eventually led to his role as the host of CBS's The Late Late Show. By far Ferguson's greatest triumph was his decision to become a U.S. citizen, a milestone he achieved in early 2008, just before his command performance for the president at the White House Correspondents' Association Dinner. In American on Purpose, Craig Ferguson talks a red, white, and blue streak about everything our Founding Fathers feared.

又是一本作者比標題大,作者的照片比什麼都大的非小說。但是至少這本書的副標題還言之有物,比起「大江大海」啊。。。。。。。。哈哈哈。。。。
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不看!不聽!下線。
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張爺

不論好壞評述,很夠了,該講的,我全講了,該寫的,該引證的,我都做了。

再發言下去我情緒會失控,所以,度週末去,不看!不聽!下線。
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誰能夠不「翻譯」?
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張爺
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每個參與討論的人都預設了自己的「翻譯」,包括堅持使用英文到底的羅大師:當他用英文參與並糾正我們的英翻中及以中文為主的抬槓時,他勢必預設自己的中翻英哩!

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