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How to Play Piano: for Beginner’s Learning Skills
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1. Posture for Playing Piano
First, let’s sit in front of the piano. If you look at the piano keyboard, you’ll notice it consists of many black and white keys arranged in a specific pattern. The black keys appear in sets of two and three, creating a visual regularity. Each set corresponds to the musical scales from Do to Si, with the order from left to right being: Do, Do sharp, Re, Re sharp, Mi, Fa, Fa sharp, Sol, Sol sharp, La, La sharp, and Si. The keys on the left produce deeper sounds, while those on the right sound higher.
Now that you have a basic understanding of the keyboard, it’s time to place your hands on it!
To begin, position your right thumb on the middle Do, which is directly in front of you. The other fingers should follow in order, resting on the natural notes from Re to Sol. Remember, the natural notes from Do to Sol are all white keys. Next, place your left hand over the set of natural notes from Do to Sol to the left of the middle set. Your little finger should be on Do, your ring finger on Re, your middle finger on Mi, your index finger on Fa, and your thumb on Sol.
Make sure to keep your shoulders relaxed and your back straight. Check that your elbows are close to your body and that your wrists are elevated above the keyboard. You can now warm up by playing the notes from Do to Sol, using both hands one at a time. Play each note clearly and slowly. We will explore proper hand posture in more detail in the next chapter.
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3. How to Read the Staves
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3. How to Read the Staves
Now that you can play the piano, it’s time to learn how to read the staves!
Begin by taking out your primary practice music sheet or downloading a simple stave version of "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star" from the internet. A stave consists of five lines, and for piano music, there are usually two parts: the upper part features the Treble Clef, which resembles a stylized violin. This is the Treble stave meant for the right hand. The lower part contains the Bass Clef, which looks like an ear with two dots, and this is the Bass stave for the left hand.
The black dots and circles found on or between the lines represent the notes you will play. The shape of the note indicates how long the sound lasts, while the position of the note reveals which pitch it represents.
Most notes appear as solid black circles with a stem—these are called quarter notes, each lasting one beat. You’ll find these in 3/4 and 4/4 time signatures (we'll delve into these signatures in later chapters, but for now, let's focus on the basic note shapes). Some notes have a flag or tail extending from the stem; these are eighth notes, each lasting half a beat. Note that the orientation of the notes—whether they face up or down—does not affect their value.
Let’s start with the Treble stave, which has the Treble clef at the beginning. Although a stave consists of five lines, the range of notes extends beyond these lines, so additional lines, called ledger lines, are added to indicate notes that fall outside the five-line staff.
For example, the middle Do is positioned on the first lower ledger line. To identify other notes, count their positions in order. Do is on the first lower ledger line, Re is slightly higher, located in the space between the first ledger line and the first line of the stave, Mi is on the first line, Fa is in the first space, and so on.
Additionally, you may notice numbers marked above some notes. These numbers indicate which finger is best suited to play each note. This guidance is especially helpful for more complex music that requires advanced finger coordination. The numbers range from 1 to 5, corresponding to your thumb (1), index finger (2), middle finger (3), ring finger (4), and little finger (5).
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2. Fingers Posture
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2. Fingers Posture
Begin by maintaining the body posture we learned in the previous section. Place your fingers on the keyboard, bending them slightly so that you touch the keys with your fingertips. Keep them in this bent position while pressing the keys down. When playing, ensure that your fingers maintain a rounded shape, and that the backs of your hands are level with your wrists. You can imagine your hands as two spiders perching on the keyboard.
Start by playing the notes from Do to Sol, moving from left to right with your left hand first and then your right hand. Pay attention to the sounds as they rise while you play. Adjust your strength and speed to ensure each note is clear, loud, and sustained equally. Practice this exercise five to ten times before moving on to playing both hands together from Do to Sol. Throughout your practice, periodically check your body position, including your back, shoulders, elbows, wrists, and fingers.
Visualize your hands as two spiders gracefully dancing on the keyboard. After pressing a key to produce a sound, remember to lift your finger back up so that the sound doesn’t linger and interfere with the next note. Think of how a spider’s legs move independently and apply that concept to your finger movements.
Playing Do to Sol is a valuable warm-up for beginners. Aim to do this exercise about five to ten times each session before your formal practice. This will help establish a connection between your fingers and the sounds they produce. If you’re already familiar with playing Do to Sol, consider expanding your practice by trying the reverse order (Sol to Do) or playing the left hand from Do to Sol while the right hand plays Sol to Do simultaneously. There are numerous ways to explore; just enjoy the process!
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