The Future Is ... Purple
2018年度代表色：紫色
By Vanessa Friedman

In these dark, chaotic times, it would not be unrealistic for someone, when asked what color will represent 2018, to look around and guess, say, black. Or maybe deep, bloody burgundy. Wartime red? Fake-tan orange? At the very least, soot gray.
在黑暗且渾沌的此際，問到什麼色彩能代表2018年，如果某人環顧四周，猜測是黑色，不能說不切實際。又或是勃艮第緋紅？戰時紅？仿曬橘？至少，也會是煤煙灰。

Any of them would seemingly match different shades of the general mood.
前述任一色彩，似乎都符合大眾心情的不同色調。

And yet the self-proclaimed “color authorities” at Pantone sent approximately 10 people to blanket the globe for weeks at a time, searching for color signals in food, cars, cosmetics, clothes and housewares. They reconvened, pooled their findings, did their analysis and declared the color of 2018 to be ... Ultra Violet.
但自稱「色彩權威」的彩通色彩研究所每回派出約10人，在全球地毯式搜索數周，從食品、汽車、化妝品、服裝及家庭用品中尋找色彩訊號。事後他們再次集合，彙整觀察結果，進行分析，然後宣布了2018年的代表色是.....紫外光色。

Huh?
蛤？

Yup, the highlighter-purple shade that has also been the name of a Warhol superstar who died in 2014; a 2006 dystopian action film starring Milla Jovovich as a rebel infected with a vampiric virus; an online activist community founded in 2012 to combat sexism and violence toward women; and a kind of light that can cause skin cancer (ahem).
是的，就是這種螢光紫，它也曾是2014年逝世的沃荷巨星的藝名；2006年反烏托邦動作片的片名，蜜拉喬娃維琪在片中飾演遭吸血鬼病毒感染的反派角色；2012年成立的線上社運社群，旨在對抗針對女性的性別歧視和暴力；以及一種能夠導致皮膚癌的光線（嗯哼）。

Those things may not be exactly what you think about when you think about what’s coming, but the history does demonstrate that the idea has a broad reach. Ultra Violet can be many things to many people.
當你想到將要來臨的事情時，前述種種或許不是你正好會想到的事，但歷史確實展示此一概念包容甚廣。對許多人來說，紫外光色代表著多種事物。

It “communicates originality, ingenuity and visionary thinking,” Leatrice Eiseman, executive director of the Pantone Color Institute, said by way of explanation. It is found in the cosmos (think of all those swirling purple nebulae!), the wellness movement (amethyst crystals!) and was a favorite color of architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who, Eiseman said, used to wear a purple cape when he was trying to be creative. Ditto Wagner, who liked to surround himself with purple when he was composing. Also, of course, Prince.
彩通色彩研究所執行總監莉雅翠絲·艾斯曼解釋道，它「傳達獨創性、智巧與有遠見的思維」。它存在於宇宙間（想想那些螺旋狀紫色星雲！）、體適能運動中（紫水晶！），還是美國建築師萊特最愛的顏色。艾斯曼說，萊特試圖更有創意時，就會披上紫色斗篷。同樣的，華格納作曲時也喜歡被紫色環繞。當然，還有（歌手）王子。

“It’s also the most complex of all colors,” she said, “because it takes two shades that are seemingly diametrically opposed – blue and red – and brings them together to create something new.”
她說：「它還是所有顏色中最複雜的，因為它需要調和看似全然對立的藍色與紅色，創造出新的色彩。」

That’s an optimistic view of things. And, if the current standoff in Washington is any indication, one that seems more like wishful thinking than reality. But that, it turns out, is part of the point. At least this year.
這是對情況的樂觀看法。而且，如果當前華府的僵局能夠當成任何徵兆，這種看法未免顯得有些一廂情願，不切實際。然而，這也正是部分道理之所在。至少今年是如此。

“It’s truly a reflection of what’s needed in our world today,” said Laurie Pressman, vice president of the Pantone Color Institute. Not, note, “what’s going on in our world today.” Which is kind of an interesting distinction. It suggests that Pantone is not just observing and predicting, it’s going proactive.
彩通色彩研究所副總裁蘿莉·普雷斯曼說，「它確實反映了當今世界所需要的」，她強調，卻「並非世上正在發生的事。」這種區別很有趣，它代表彩通不僅觀察、預測，還變得主動而前瞻。

原文參照：
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/07/fashion/pantone-color-of-the-year-2018-ultraviolet.html

紐約時報中文版翻譯：
https://cn.nytstyle.com/style/20171208/pantone-color-of-the-year-2018-ultraviolet/zh-hant/

2017-12-31．聯合報．D4．紐約時報賞析 陳韻涵

說文解字看新聞 張佑生

《論語．陽貨》：「惡紫之奪朱也」紅色是「正色」，紫色雖是雜色但比較搶眼。孔子未必真討厭紫色，而是要捍衛正統。紫色介於紅色與藍色之間，可以分為紅紫與藍紫：紅藍又是美國共和、民主兩大黨的代表色，正好拿來做文章。孔子和紐約時報所談的紫，都偏紅紫。

英文的紫色可代表王權、王位，出身王公貴族是born to [in] the purple。古人將紫色和帝王、皇宮做連結。《水滸傳》：「正陽門徑通黃道，長朝殿端拱紫垣。」當中的「紫垣」就是皇宮。紫色有華麗絢爛的意思，purple prose/passage意指用字遣詞刻意賣弄的文章，帶貶意。Purple language的「紫」卻是褻瀆、令人憎惡的。

中文有「紫氣東來」的成語。空氣品質如果跟紫扯上關係，像是「紫爆」（the hazardous “Purple Alert”或 “purple” levels of PM 2.5），可是會要人命！紫色的確是最複雜（complex）的顏色。

Blood, Sweat, Toil and Tears: Playing Churchill on Screen
血、汗、苦、淚！扮演邱吉爾
By Julie Bloom

He fought with distinction and held almost every major office in Britain. He commanded a country in the midst of world war and is credited with inventing the social safety net. He has been called an imperialist and a warmonger. A drunk and a racist. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature, rivaled only Shakespeare in his prolific literary output, and painted more than 500 pictures in his lifetime. And, some argue, he single-handedly saved civilization.
他戰功彪炳且幾乎擔任過英國所有要職。他在世界大戰中統率國家，並被譽為社會安全網的創設者。他被稱為帝國主義者與好戰者，也是個酒鬼與種族主義者。他曾獲諾貝爾文學獎，文學作品產量多得能跟莎士比亞相匹敵，他一生畫了500多幅畫。甚至有些人認為，他隻手拯救了文明。

Winston Churchill was a complex and contradictory leader unlike any in recent history. And he also presents one of the most sought-after and challenging roles for any actor worth his salt.
邱吉爾是近代史上一位絕無僅有的複雜而矛盾的領袖，同時也是任何一位有本事的男演員都極力爭取，且最具挑戰性的角色之一。

“He could pitch. He could bat. He could run,” Gary Oldman said in a recent interview. “He’s the ultimate all-rounder.”
蓋瑞．歐德曼最近在受訪時說：「他能投能打能跑。他是終極全能選手。」

Oldman, a British lion in his own right, takes on Churchill in “Darkest Hour”. The movie, directed by Joe Wright, chronicles the defining 28 days in 1940 when Churchill was made prime minister and finally convinced Britain to stay the course and fight Hitler – when the fate of the world hung in the balance. The film is an often tense character study, exposing Churchill’s own moments of self-doubt and the resistance he faced from the public, his party and his king.
本身就是隻英倫雄獅的歐德曼，在電影《最黑暗的時刻》裡飾演邱吉爾一角。這部由喬·萊特執導的電影，紀錄1940年具有決定性的28天，當時邱吉爾出任首相，最終並說服英國堅持到底跟希特勒對抗，而世界的安危正懸於一線。這部電影針對人物性格進行了不時張力十足的探究，揭露了邱吉爾自我懷疑的時刻，以及他所面對來自民眾、他所屬政黨與國王的阻力。

Countless movies have been made about Churchill, but Wright was drawn to this particular period because of what that uncertainty revealed about the man. “I was fascinated by the portrayal of Churchill as a human being,” Wright said. “He’s become such an icon that he’s either untouchable or he’s a demon. To take him down from his perch and not throw him in the gutter but look at him eye to eye” was the appeal for him.
關於邱吉爾的電影不計其數，但萊特會被這個特定時期所吸引，乃是因為這時期的不確定性讓我們得以一窺邱吉爾其人。萊特說：「把邱吉爾描繪成一個有血有肉的人，深深吸引了我。他早已被世人偶像化了，不是神聖到不容批評，就是惡魔一個。想要把他請下高台卻不扔入溝渠，而是與他平視對望，」正是吸引他之處。

The movie also tries to understand Churchill through his use of language, with the sound of typewriters constantly clacking in the background. “They are the most iconic speeches in the history of the English language and they were all written in 28 days, so how these speeches came to be and how he came to express the will and the sentiment of the nation is really the subject,” Wright added.
這部電影同時也試圖透過邱吉爾使用的言語來了解他，背景中不斷響起打字機的敲擊聲。萊特並補充道：「這些是英語歷史上最具代表性的演說，全在28天內寫成，因此這些演說如何產生，他又如何表達國家的意志和情感，才是真正的主題。」

In one of the most stirring scenes, Churchill famously addresses the House of Commons, arguing that the British need to face the Nazi threat at all costs: “If we fail, then the whole world, including the United States, including all that we have known and cared for, will sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age made more sinister, and perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted science. Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, ‘This was their finest hour.’”
在最激動人心的一幕中，邱吉爾向下議院發表了著名的演說，力主英國須不惜一切代價面對納粹的威脅：「如果我們失敗了，那麼這整個世界，包括美國，包括我們所知道和關愛的一切，都將陷入一個新的黑暗時代的深淵，這黑暗時代由於科學的濫用而變得更加險惡，或許也更加漫長。因此，我們應該堅守自己的職責，莊敬自強，如此一來，若大英帝國及其國協持續至一千年後，人們仍舊會說『這是他們最美好的時刻』。」

原文參照：
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/03/movies/winston-churchill-movies-gary-oldman.html

2017-12-31．聯合報．D4．紐約時報賞析 陳韋廷