Taking It to the Street to Dodge Sidewalk Mobs
紐約人行道擠爆 行人與車爭道
By Winnie Hu

Ivette Singh hardly bothers to walk on the sidewalk on her way to work in Midtown Manhattan anymore. Too many people, too little space. Not enough patience.
薇特．辛格去曼哈頓中城上班，幾乎再也不走人行道了，因為人太多，空間太小，耐心也不夠。

Instead, Singh can be found on the wrong side of the curb as she makes her way from Pennsylvania Station to her job on Third Avenue near 40th Street, and then back again. She prefers dodging yellow cabs and bicyclists to navigating sidewalks teeming with commuters, tourists and cart-pushing vendors, all jostling for elbow room.
相反地，當辛格從賓夕法尼亞車站走到她位在第三大道上、靠近四十街口的工作地點，以及回程，可見到她走在馬路上的身影。她寧可閃避路上的計程車與自行車，也不願走在擠滿了爭奪動彈空間的通勤者、遊客以及推車小販的人行道上。

“I don’t mind the walk, it’s just the people,” Singh, an account coordinator for the Univision television network, said. “Sometimes, they’re rude. They’re on top of you, no personal space. They’re smoking. It’s tough.”
在環球電視台擔任專案執行工作的辛格說：「我不介意走路，只是人太多了。他們有時候很粗魯。他們讓你難以招架，毫無個人空間可言。他們還抽菸，令人難受。」

Singh is just one among many pedestrians experiencing a growing phenomenon in New York City: sidewalk gridlock.
在紐約市，許多人像辛格一樣正在體驗一個日趨嚴重的現象：人行道堵塞。

While crowding is hardly a new problem in the city, the sidewalks that cemented New York’s reputation as a world-class walking city have become obstacle courses as more people than ever live and work in the city and tourism surges. The problem is particularly acute in Manhattan.
雖然壅擠算不上是紐約市的新問題，然而隨著在這兒居住與工作的人多過以往任何時期，加上觀光客大增，鞏固紐約世界級徒步城市名聲的人行道，已變成障礙訓練場，而曼哈頓區問題尤其嚴重。

Around Penn Station and the Port Authority Bus Terminal, two of the city’s main transit hubs, commuters clutching coffee cups and briefcases squeeze by one another during the morning and evening rushes. Throngs of shoppers and visitors sometimes bring swaths of Lower Manhattan to a standstill, prompting some local residents cite clogged sidewalks as their biggest problem in a recent community survey.
早晚尖峰期間，在紐約兩個主要轉運中心賓夕法尼亞車站與港務局公車站周邊，緊抓著咖啡杯與公事包的通勤者摩肩擦踵地穿梭其間。成群結隊的購物者與遊客有時讓曼哈頓下城的大部分地區陷入癱瘓，以致一些當地居民在最近的社區調查中，將人行道堵塞列為最大的問題。

Transportation officials are taking measures to alleviate the congestion. To help accommodate foot traffic, they are adding more pedestrian plazas around the city, expanding the presence of a streetscape feature first embraced by the administration of Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg.
運輸官員正採取措施緩解堵塞。為了方便步行，他們正在全市增設行人廣場，把最先由彭博市長政府力推的這項街景特色進一步擴展。

While a crowded sidewalk is simply a symptom of a crowded city, it resonates deeply because it affects almost everyone. Unlike overstuffed subways or tourist attractions like, say, Times Square, there is no going around the sidewalks. They are to New York what freeways are to Los Angeles: an essential part of the infrastructure. Sidewalks not only get people from Point A to Point B, but also serve as a shared public space for rich and poor, native and tourist alike.
人行道擁擠雖然只是城市擁擠的一個症狀，卻引起很深的共鳴，因為它幾乎影響到每個人。跟人滿為患的地鐵或是時報廣場等旅遊景點不同的是，人行道是無法避開的。人行道之於紐約，一如高速公路之於洛杉磯，是基礎設施不可或缺的一部分。人行道不僅讓人們可從甲地去到乙地，還是個窮人與富人、本地人和觀光客共享的公共空間。

原文參照：
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/01/nyregion/new-york-city-overcrowded-sidewalks.html

2016-07-17．聯合報．D2．紐約時報賞析．陳韋廷譯

說文解字看新聞 陳韋廷

在繁榮背後，大城市給人的感覺就是密密麻麻的建築物、汙濁的空氣以及擁擠的交通，而在紐約這座超級世界大城市，人行道的擁擠更是不在話下，空間不足迫使行人走到馬路上跟汽車爭道，險象環生，也成了當地的另類特色。

曼哈頓中城人行道所以嚴重「塞人」，除了人太多之外，攤販占用（occupy）人行道也是一大原因。美式英文稱人行道為sidewalk，英式英文則稱之為pavement，同義詞另有footwalk、footway、footpath、walkway等字。

片語jostle for意指「競爭、爭奪」的意思，即compete with other people in order to get something，介系詞for後則接欲爭取之物。例句：Dozens of taxi drivers jostle for space to park their cars.（數10名計程車司機爭搶車位停車。）

要解決人行道擁擠問題，除了像文中所提到的增設行人廣場外，拓寬人行道（to widen the sidewalks）也許是個不錯的方法，但對紐約當局來說，當務之急還是要加強取締人行道上的推車攤販及路霸（street hog），以維持人行道的暢通無阻。

A Rush for Books on Trump
如海嘯湧來 出版界搶搭川普熱
By Alexandra Alter

On his bedroom wall, New Yorker writer Mark Singer has a framed, handwritten note from Donald Trump. “Mark, you are a total loser! And your book (and writings) sucks!” the note says.
在他臥室的牆上，「紐約客」雜誌作家馬克．辛爾掛了一張裱了框的川普手寫字條，上面寫著：「馬克，你是個徹底的輸家！而且你的書（及文章）爛透了！」

Trump sent it after Singer published “Character Studies,” a 2005 collection of his writing that included a less than flattering profile of Trump.
在辛爾出版「性格研究」一書後，川普送來這張字條，這本2005年的作品集裡面有一篇對川普不太恭維的側寫。

Singer loved the letter so much that he not only framed it, but also decided to make it the sole blurb on the back cover of his new book, “Trump and Me,” which will be published Tuesday. The book includes the original New Yorker profile, published in 1997, as well as Singer’s dryly funny account of the real estate tycoon’s response and a more sober chapter reflecting on Trump the candidate.
辛爾很愛這封信，不只為它裱框，還決定把它當成即將於周二出版的新書「川普與我」封底的唯一推介語。這本書也收集了那篇原本刊於1997年「紐約客」雜誌的川普側寫，以及辛爾對這位地產大亨回應的冷幽默說明，以及一篇對於川普做為候選人的較嚴肅評述。

“People remembered this piece, for better or worse, and I did want to find a way to bring it back to life,” Singer said. “The challenge was to reconcile this person that I observed in the late ‘90s with this iteration of him in the election.”
辛爾說：「人們記得這篇側寫，不論是好還是不好，而且我真的想要找個方法讓它復活。挑戰在於把我在1990年代末期觀察的這個人，與在這次選舉中再次出現的他連起來。」

Every election cycle brings a tsunami of political books from campaign reporters, pundits and candidates. (Trump’s own manifesto, “Crippled America: How to Make America Great Again,” has sold 235,000 hardcover copies in eight months, according to Nielsen.)
每個選舉周期有關選舉的書籍都會如海嘯般湧現，分別出自報導選戰的記者、學者專家和候選人之手。（根據尼爾森公司的數據，川普本人的宣言「跛腳美國：如何讓美國再度偉大」在8個月內賣出了23萬5000本精裝本。）

But this year is shaping up to be an exceptional one in terms of the sheer volume of writing devoted to Trump. Some publishers and writers are exhuming out-of-print Trump biographies published decades ago and slapping new covers and introductions on them. Others are rushing out new books that explore Trump’s stunning political rise.
但是純就以川普為寫作主題的書籍的數量而言，今年正在變成很不一樣的一年。一些出版商和作者正在挖出幾十年前出版的已絕版的川普傳記，放上新的書皮和序。有些人則趕著出新書，探討川普令人震驚的政治崛起。

Still others are producing parodies, comic books and satires, including a faux thriller titled “The Day of the Donald,” which takes place two years into a Trump presidency. There is also a mock children’s book by comedian Michael Ian Black titled “A Child’s First Book of Trump,” and a collection from cartoonist Garry Trudeau called “Yuge!: 30 Years of Doonesbury on Trump.” (And in a sign that no publishing niche has been left unexploited, there are more than a half-dozen Trump-themed adult coloring books. Also, a book of Trump paper dolls.)
另有些人正在生產詼諧的模仿文章、漫畫書和諷刺文章，包括一本偽驚悚小說「唐納（川普）時代」，發生在川普當總統的兩年後。還有一本由喜劇演員麥可伊恩布萊克出版的模仿童書，書名為「孩子第一本有關川普的書」，以及一本漫畫家蓋瑞．特魯多的選集，稱為「巨大！杜尼斯伯里的川普30年選集（譯注：川普把huge發音成yuge，Doonesbury是特魯多的著名連環漫畫）」。（而且跡象顯示已沒有任何出版利基市場還沒有被利用，已有超過6本以川普為主題的成人塗色書。還有一本川普紙娃娃書。）

原文參照：
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/05/business/media/trump-books.html

2016-07-17．聯合報．D2．紐約時報賞析．田思怡譯