The Art Complex That Prada Built
Prada在米蘭打造藝術中心
By Carol Vogel

MILAN – For more than 20 years, the Prada Foundation has been staging exhibitions in abandoned warehouses and disused churches here, bringing contemporary artists like Anish Kapoor and Michael Heizer to Italian audiences.
20多年來，Prada基金會一直在米蘭廢棄的倉庫和教堂舉辦展覽，將安尼施．卡普爾和麥可．海澤等當代藝術家介紹給義大利觀眾。

Recently, however, the Prada Foundation set its sights on establishing permanent homes to present exhibitions and to show its vast holdings of art, mostly works from the 1950s to the present. Four years ago, it opened an outpost in an 18th-century palazzo on the Grand Canal in Venice. Now it is putting down roots on the site of an old distillery in a scruffy industrial neighborhood here. The Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and his firm OMA have created a sprawling complex with nearly 11,000 square meters of exhibition space.
然而最近，Prada基金會計畫建立永久的家，在那裡辦展覽，展示基金會豐富的收藏，主要是從1950年代至今的藝術品。4年前，基金會在威尼斯大運河附近一座18世紀宮殿開設前哨站。現在，基金會在一個破舊工業區的老酒廠扎根。荷蘭建築師雷姆．庫哈斯和他的事務所OMA已經創建一個廣大的展覽空間，占地將近1.1萬平方公尺。

“After more than 20 years of staging exhibitions around the world, my husband said he thought it was about time we do something permanent in Milan,” Miuccia Prada said.
繆西婭．普拉達說：「在世界各地辦展覽20多年後，我丈夫說他認為在米蘭做些常態性事情的時候到了。」

Barely six months ago, the Louis Vuitton Foundation, the French luxury fashion behemoth, opened an arts center in Paris, designed by Frank Gehry, for an estimated $143 million. Now Prada is devoting an even bigger space to the arts in Milan. It comes at a time when private money from luxury good brands is beginning to fill a void left by government cutbacks. At the same time, these companies are finding that associating with the art world helps them enhance their brands and increase their reach.
不到6個月前，法國精品巨擘路易威登旗下基金會在巴黎的藝術中心開幕。藝術中心由法蘭克．蓋里設計，造價估計為1.43億美元。現在Prada致力在米蘭打造一個更大的藝術空間。此際精品品牌的私人資金正開始填補因政府削減支出而出現的缺口。同時，精品業者發現與藝術圈聯結有助於提升品牌形象並增加其影響力。

“In much the same way LVMH opened their foundation in Paris, Prada is consolidating the exclusive perception that brands like theirs deal with beautiful things,” said Luca Solca, a luxury goods analyst for Exane BNP Paribas in London. “And the association with art is a natural extension.”
「與LVMH在巴黎設立基金會大同小異，Prada強化像自家這樣的精品業者與美好事物打交道的高貴形象，」巴黎銀行證券部門Exane精品分析師路卡．索卡說，「與藝術的聯結是一種自然的延伸」。

While Milan may be a center for fashion and furniture design, it has not been known for contemporary art or the kind of inventive museum exhibitions that attract international audiences.
米蘭或許是時尚和家具設計中心，卻不曾以吸引國際觀眾的當代藝術，或者別出心裁的博物館展覽著稱。

There is a theater for films, live performances and lectures (Roman Polanski has created a documentary for the opening), an old-fashioned Milanese bar created by the director Wes Anderson, a center for children and eventually a large library. The foundation, which opened May 9, is open to the public seven days a week, and general admission is 10 euros.
Prada基金會有一個可以放電影、現場表演和演講的劇場（羅曼．波蘭斯基為開幕典禮拍了一部紀錄片），一個由導演魏斯．安德森設立的老式米蘭酒吧，一個兒童中心，最後是一座大圖書館。5月9日開幕的基金會一周七天對大眾開放，一般入場費為10歐元。

While Prada executives will not say how much it cost, people familiar with the project believe it was less than the LVMH center. Seven years in the making, the complex includes industrial buildings juxtaposed with dramatic new ones. On a recent spring day, Mr. Koolhaas was surveying the construction. “Here new and old confront each other in a state of permanent interaction,” he said. “They are not meant to be seen as one.”
Prada高層不願透露花了多少錢，知情人士認為金額低於LVMH基金會的藝術中心。歷經7年建造，這個園區裡工業建築與戲劇性新建築並存。在最近的一個春日，建築師庫哈斯審視建築時說：「在這裡，新舊彼此對立，處在一種常態性的互動，兩者不該視為一體。」

Some of the spaces are as Mr. Koolhaas found them; others have been reconfigured but look as though they haven’t been touched. The three new buildings are made of glass, white concrete and an aluminum that has been “exploded,” as Mr. Koolhaas described it, so that it has an airy, foamy surface.
某些空間和庫哈斯發現時的樣子相同，有些則重新規畫但不露痕跡。三棟新建築由玻璃、白色混凝土和一種庫哈斯描述被「爆炸」過的鋁製品建造而成，所以有一個輕薄似泡沫的外觀。

The Prada logo is not on the foundation’s facade. Mrs. Prada and her husband, Patrizio Bertelli, said they have kept their support of the arts separate from their brand and are not calling the new foundation headquarters a museum.
基金會的立面沒有Prada的logo。繆西婭．普拉達與夫婿帕吉歐．貝爾泰利說，他們一直把支持藝術與自家品牌區隔開來，也不會將新的基金會總部稱作博物館。

The foundation’s inaugural program is ambitious. On view from the foundation’s collection are dozens of paintings, photographs, drawings, installations and sculptures organized by art historical moments that Mrs. Prada feels are relevant today. That includes American Minimalism, Conceptualism and Land Art, and work by Walter de Maria, Ed Kienholz, Bruce Nauman, Joseph Cornell and Pino Pascali. There are also younger figures like the Swedish sculptor and film animator Nathalie Djurberg.
基金會的開幕展雄心勃勃。展出基金會收藏的許多油畫、照片、素描、裝置藝術和雕塑，依照普拉達覺得跟當下藝術息息相關的藝術史時刻加以組織展示。包括美國極簡主義、概念藝術和地景藝術，以及和瓦特．德．瑪利亞、艾德．齊諾茲，布魯斯．瑙曼、約瑟夫．康奈爾和皮諾．帕斯卡里等人的作品。也有像瑞典雕塑家、電影動畫師娜塔莉·杜爾伯格（Nathalie Djurberg）這樣的年輕人。

One of the exhibitions, “Serial Classic,” organized by Salvatore Settis, an Italian art historian, will explore the notions of original and imitation, using Roman antiquities that are actually reproductions of lost Greek originals. Loans are coming from more than 40 museums. There will be echoes of ancient art on the facade of one of the old buildings, a four-story structure that Mr. Koolhaas calls the haunted house because it was so dilapidated when he first saw it. It now has a dreamy gold-leafed exterior. The choice of gold, Mrs. Prada said, “gives importance to something very modest” and over time, it will take on a soft patina like an ancient sculpture.
展覽之一的「系列經典」由義大利藝術史學者薩瓦托．塞提斯籌辦，將探索原創和模仿的概念，採用羅馬古物，但其實是遺失的希臘古物原件的仿造品。展品借自40多間博物館。一棟老建築的門面將讓人想起古代藝術。庫哈斯把這棟四層建築稱為鬼屋，因為當他第一次看到它時，實在破舊不堪。現在，它有一個夢幻般貼了金箔的外觀。普拉達說，選擇黃金是「要讓很內斂的某樣東西變得重要」，而且隨著時間推移，它將像一尊古老的雕塑般散發柔和的光潤。

As the light changes throughout the day, Mr. Koolhaas added, the gold will cast reflections on the surrounding buildings.
庫哈斯還說，隨著一天中光線的變化，黃金將把光線反射在周圍的建築上。

“Milan is like a pancake with few high-rise elements,” he explained. “The environment is so gray it needed a little color.”
「米蘭就像一個沒甚麼突出層次的薄餅，」庫哈斯解釋道：「環境如此灰暗，需要一點顏色妝扮。」

原文參照：
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/26/arts/design/the-prada-foundations-new-arts-complex-in-milan.html

2015-05-19聯合報/G9版/UNITED DAILY NEWS 張佑生譯 原文參見紐時週報十二版上