Foreign Investors Are Rushing to Indonesia
印尼成新寵 外資如潮湧
By Joe Cochrane

BEKASI, Indonesia – When Marcos A. Purty arrived here in 2011 as the chief of General Motors’ Indonesian operations, he found a dormant auto plant.
2011年，普爾地以通用汽車印尼分公司總裁身分來到印尼勿加泗時，發現一間停工的汽車廠。

Today, about 700 people work in the plant, 26 kilometers east of Jakarta, compared with about 30 just 18 months ago. And in May G.M. is starting to deliver its first Indonesian-built vehicle in years, the Chevrolet Spin.
勿加泗位於首都雅加達以東26公里。18個月前，大約只有30人在這間廠房工作，如今卻有約700人，而通用汽車多年來第一批在印尼製造的的汽車「雪佛蘭Spin」，也於五月開始出廠。

Auto sales are surging in Indonesia – up 17.8 percent in the first quarter from a year earlier — rewarding G.M. for the $150 million it invested in the country.
印尼今年汽車銷售額大幅上揚，第一季比去年同期激增17.8%，也不枉通用在印尼投資1.5億美元（約台幣44億元）。

Other big multinational companies are racing to invest in factories and other operations to cash in on rising consumer demand in Indonesia, Southeast Asia’s most populous nation, with an estimated 251 million people.
其他大型跨國公司看準印尼逐漸增長的消費需求，競相在印尼投資設廠或開展其他業務。印尼約有2億5100萬人口，是東南亞人口最多的國家。

While China and India have far larger economies, investment has slowed. China said in April that foreign direct investment had risen 1.44 percent in the first quarter, to $29.9 billion.
中國大陸與印度經濟規模雖遠大於印尼，外資投入卻已減緩。大陸四月公布，今年第一季外國直接投資（FDI）僅比去年同期成長1.44%，為299億美元（約台幣8800億元）。

Despite investors’ concerns about an unpredictable regulatory environment, a high level of corruption, inadequate infrastructure and rising labor costs, money is pouring into Indonesia. The government reported in April that foreign direct investment rose 27 percent in the first quarter to a record 65.5 trillion rupiah, or nearly $7 billion.
儘管外資擔心印尼政府的管理難以捉摸、貪腐盛行、基礎建設不足、勞動成本上漲，資金仍然湧入印尼。印尼政府四月公布，今年第一季外國直接投資年增27%，達65兆5000億印尼盾（約台幣1900億元）的新高。

Indonesia has thrived since it emerged unscathed from the 2008 financial crisis. In 2009, it joined the Group of 20 large economies. It won its first investment-grade credit ratings in more than a decade in late 2011 and early 2012, and its gross domestic product has expanded at a steady rate of more than 6 percent for the last three years.
印尼在2008年金融海嘯中全身而退，自此欣欣向榮。2009年印尼加入20國集團（G20）。2011年底、2012年初，印尼信評十多年來首次調升為投資等級。近三年來，印尼國內生產毛額（GDP）成長幅度年年超過6%。

While overseas capital has long flowed into the resource-rich country’s mining, oil and natural gas sectors, new foreign investors are focusing on consumers.
印尼天然資源豐沛，以往外資一向投注於其礦業、石油與天然氣，而今新一批外國投資人看中印尼的內需消費。

With its large population and a young labor force, Indonesia is in the midst of a consumer spending boom that analysts say could continue for years. In March, the Boston Consulting Group projected that middle-class and affluent consumers in Indonesia would double to 141 million by 2020.
印尼人口眾多、勞工年齡輕，消費力正蓬勃成長，而且分析家認為還會持續好些年。波士頓顧問集團三月預測，2020年前，印尼中產階級與富裕消費者會增加一倍，達1億4100萬人。

While Asian conglomerates from Japan, Singapore and South Korea remain the top foreign investors, American and European companies are rushing in like never before. For example, in November the cosmetics giant L'Oréal opened its biggest factory in the world in West Java Province.
印尼主要外國投資者仍為日本、南韓與新加坡等亞洲國家的財團，而歐美企業卻也爭相搶進，這現象前所未見。例如，去年11月化妝品製造業巨擘萊雅就在西爪哇省設了萊雅全球最大的工廠。

G.M. sold 5,600 imported Chevrolets in Indonesia last year, accounting for 0.5 percent of the market. But the largest American carmaker sees huge opportunities in reconstructing and expanding the 111,000-squaremeter factory complex in Bekasi. The investment equals “a huge vote of confidence, not only in Indonesia but the structure of the country, the economic growth in the country,” Mr. Purty said.
去年通用在印尼只賣出5600輛進口的雪佛蘭汽車，市占率0.5%。不過這家美國最大汽車製造商發現，重修並擴建勿加泗占地11萬平方公尺的的停工汽車廠區，可帶來極大商機。普爾地說，這筆投資相當於「超重量級信任投票，不只針對印尼，也針對它的制度和經濟成長」。

Still, the challenges for foreign investors trying to do business in Indonesia are formidable. It can take 80 days to get a business license. In a global survey of the ease of doing business compiled by the World Bank, Indonesia ranked 128th out of 185 economies this year, a drop of 13 places from 2010.
話雖如此，想在印尼做生意的外資仍需面對重重險阻。取得營業執照可能要花80天。在世界銀行的全球經商容易度調查中，印尼今年在185國中排名128，比2010年下降13名。

M. Chatib Basri of the Indonesian Investment Coordinating Board said that even though Indonesia has to deal with the problems of bureaucracy and infrastructure, “the returns are higher than if you invest in Europe and the U.S. now.”
印尼投資統籌局官員巴斯里說，雖然在印尼投資必須面對官僚作風和基礎設施不足的問題，但「比投資在歐美回報來得高」。

原文參照：
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/24/business/global/indonesia-sees-foreign-investment-surge.html

紐時中文網翻譯：
http://cn.nytimes.com/business/20130426/c26indonesia/zh-hant/

2013-05-14聯合報/G9版/UNITEDDAILYNEWS 李京倫譯 原文參見紐時週報七版下