Great depression 大萧条
savings and loan crisis 储贷危机
liquidity 流动性
adjusted rate mortage 指数型房贷/可调整利率抵押贷款/调息按揭
网上解释:1.一种定期调整借贷利率的抵押贷款。这类贷款的利率每隔一段期间会依据某个基准利率(如过库券利率或抵押贷款平均利率)来调整,调整期间则固定,如每一年、每二年、每三年调整一次,当预期市场利率长期走低时,借款人较偏好这种计息方式。
2.ARM. A mortgage with an interest rate that may change, usually in response to changes in the Treasury Bill rate or the prime rate. The purpose of the interest rate adjustment is primarily to bring the interest rate on the mortgage in line with market rates. The mortgage holder is protected by a maximum interest rate (called a ceiling), which might be reset annually. ARMs usually start with better rates than fixed rate mortgages, in order to compensate the borrower for the additional risk that future interest rate fluctuations will create.
securitization 证券化
网上解释:指将其他金融资产组合后所开发出的金融投资工具,并以新的形式出售给投资者。抵押贷款可以证券化,而一个流行歌星歌曲专辑未来所能获得的版税也可证券化。这项新的金融工具随后可以进行交易。
credit default swap 信用违约互换/信用违约掉期
网上解释:A credit default swap is the simplest type of credit derivative. Basic CDS contracts are similar to insurance. They allow one party to buy protection against a company or country defaulting or restructuring debt over a certain period of time. The buyer of default protection pays an annual fee in basis points based on a notional amount to the contract seller. If a default occurs, the protection buyer can hand over the defaulted bonds to the contract seller and receive their par value. The contracts can also be cash settled with no transfer of bonds. CDS spreads are similar to regular corporate bond spreads in reflecting the market's view of default risk. The most commonly traded contract is a five-year, but maturities range from one year to 10 years.
credit spead 信贷息差
网上解释:A spread option position in which the price of the option sold is greater than the price of the option bought.
举个例子:
银行已10%的利率发放贷款,同时以8%的利率吸收存款,那么这之间的2%的利率差就是credit spread
implicit guarantee 隐含担保
网上解释:http://chinese.wsj.com/gb/20080715/mst153315.asp?source=article
swap 掉期
网上解释:指交易双方为了抵消利率或货币风险,及使其资产与负债相平衡而交换现金流量 。例如,某公司可能有必须以瑞士法郎支付的支出,但其收入是以美元计值。而另一家公司的情形正好相反。这时,银行为了赚取手续费可安排一项能满足双方要求的货币互换(换汇交易)。利率互换的情形也一样,这种互换允许双方以固定利率取代浮动利率的风险,从而使双方获益。关键是参与互换的双方没有交换本金,即数量固定的债务,而只交换现金流量,即利息。
credit risk 信用危机
网上解释:指债务工具的发行人违约不偿还本金或利息,或者破产的风险,也称“对手风险”
前辈应该是一直看英文原版教材和书籍,使用的时候也是用英文,所以不太习惯翻成中文了,呵呵~
本文於 修改第 4 次