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印巴戰爭2025 -- Rhea Mogul
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相關報導請見此欄(2025/05/08)和此處。
Pakistan vows to respond after India launches strikes in wake of Kashmir massacre
Rhea Mogul, Sophia Saifi, Aishwarya S. Iyer, Aditi Sangal, Elise Hammond, Tori B. Powell, Jessie Yeung, Lex Harvey and Antoinette Radford, CNN, 05/07/25
Pakistani defense minister tells CNN they're 'prepared for an all out war.'
Here's what we know
• On brink of wider conflict: India launched strikes on both Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir early Wednesday local time. Pakistan’s prime minister described the attack as “an act of war” and Islamabad has pledged to retaliate, marking a major escalation between the two countries.
• Deadly attacks: Pakistan’s military says at least 31 people were killed in what India has dubbed “Operation Sindoor,” which New Delhi said targeted “terrorist infrastructure.” Pakistan has claimed it shot down five Indian Air Force jets. According to a senior Indian defense source, shelling by the Pakistani military killed at least 12 people on the Indian side of the de facto border that divides Kashmir.
• Tourist massacre: It comes after gunmen killed more than two dozen civilians, mostly tourists, in Indian-controlled Kashmir last month. India accused Pakistan of being involved, which it denied.
• Kashmir dispute: Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan each control parts of Kashmir but claim it in full and have fought three wars over the territory.
Pakistan destroyed Indian jets in hour-long air battle, prime minister claims
From CNN’s Sophia Saifi and Hira Humayun
The Pakistan Air Force reduced Indian jets to “smithereens,” the country’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif claimed, warning Pakistan would avenge the deaths of those killed by India’s strikes.
“In an hour-long air battle, our pilots blew up the jets of the enemy to smithereens,” he said in an address to the nation on state television Wednesday night local time.
He added: “It only took a few hours for the enemy to fall on its knees.”
Pakistan claimed earlier Wednesday to have shot down five Indian Air Force jets in retaliation for Indian strikes, including three elite French-made Rafales. Indian officials have yet to respond to the claim.
Referring to the 31 people Pakistan says were killed in India’s attack, he added: “The blood of these martyrs will be avenged.”
The prime minister said Pakistan has been among the countries most impacted by terrorism in the region, having lost tens of thousands of lives and suffering financial losses in the fight against it over the years.
Since the April 22 terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir, when gunmen killed 26 people — mostly Indian tourists — Pakistan has stressed its condemnation of terrorism and pushed back on Indian allegations that Pakistan was behind the massacre.
31 dead in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir, military says
From CNN's Andy Raine
The death toll in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir has risen to 31, with 57 injured, military spokesperson Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry said on Wednesday night local time.
He cited India’s firing at the Line of Control — the de-facto border in the disputed Kashmir region — as a reason for the increase in casualties.
Pakistani leaders attend funeral of 7-year-old son of army colonel killed in Indian strike
From CNN’s Sophia Saifi and Caitlin Danaher
Pakistan’s president and prime minister attended the funeral of the seven-year-old son of an army colonel who was killed in Indian strikes on Pakistan, the country’s armed forces said in a statement Wednesday.
President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif joined other senior government and army officials attending the funeral ceremony of the son of Lt. Col. Zaheer Abbas Turi, who was killed in Dawarandi, in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.
Following funeral prayers in Islamabad, the Pakistani prime minister condemned India’s “deliberate targeting of civilians” as a “reprehensible act of cowardice,” the statement from Pakistan’s armed forces said.
The Indian military said that it targeted “terrorist infrastructure” across nine sites in Pakistan’s densely populated Punjab province and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. It claims that no military sites were targeted in its strikes and that there had been no reports of civilian casualties.
“The President & the Prime Minister affirmed that the valiant Armed Forces of Pakistan are resolutely confronting Indian forces across all fronts, delivering a strong and uncompromising response,” the statement said.
The leaders said the deadly attacks, which killed at least 26 people in Pakistan, will be met with “decisive action,” the statement added.
French official says Pakistan downed Rafale jet as officials examine possible further losses
From CNN’s Saskya Vandoorne in Paris
A high-ranking French intelligence official told CNN today that one Rafale fighter jet operated by the Indian Air Force was downed by Pakistan, in what would mark the first time that one of the sophisticated French-made warplanes has been lost in combat.
Pakistan claimed earlier today to have shot down five Indian Air Force jets in retaliation for Indian strikes, including three Rafales. Indian officials are yet to respond to the claim.
The French official told CNN that French authorities were looking into whether more than one Rafale jets were shot down by Pakistan overnight.
Pictures taken of parts of an aircraft that crashed in Indian-administered Kashmir show the label of a French manufacturer, but experts said it was not possible to say whether the part came from a Rafale aircraft.
Dassault Aviation, the French manufacturer of the jet, has not responded to CNN’s requests for comment.
Some background: The Rafale is a 10-ton, twin-engine multirole fighter, equipped with a 30mm cannon for air combat and ground support, along with air-to-air missiles, laser-guided bombs, and cruise missiles.
Before this latest escalation, India had 36 Rafale jets in its Air Force, purchased from French manufacturer Dassault Aviation.
The French military has not officially commented on the incident.
Pakistan is looking to avoid "full-fledged war," defense minister tells CNN
From CNN’s Zeena Saifi and Sana Noor Haq
Pakistan’s defense minister has warned that India’s latest assault marked an “invitation to expand the conflict” between the two neighbors — but cautioned that Islamabad is “trying to avoid” a full-fledged war.
New Delhi’s deadly barrage on Punjab and Pakistan-administered Kashmir early Wednesday was a “clear-cut violation,” according to Pakistani Defense Minister Khawaja Muhammad Asif.
“(India) crossed an international boundary,” Asif told CNN’s Becky Anderson on Connect the World. “This is a clear-cut violation, and an invitation to expand the conflict and maybe convert it into something much more wider and much more dangerous for the region.”
He insisted that Pakistan’s military was braced “for an all-out war,” after India raised the “stakes” this week — following decades of tensions in one of the most militarized places in the world.
“What happens next is we are prepared for an all-out war. There is absolutely no doubt, because India is increasing the intensity, the stakes of this conflict,” added Asif. “So… we can’t be caught with our guards down.”
Claims of downed jets: Pakistan’s armed forces fired missiles and struck down five Indian fighter jets “in a dogfight,” according to the country’s defense chief, who described the military’s actions as a “befitting lesson” for New Delhi.
When pressed for evidence, Asif cited social media video.
“(India has) already admitted that three planes were downed,” Asif told CNN. “These planes were downed in a dogfight. Missiles were fired by our planes, and they were shot down. Very simple.”
Contrary to Asif’s claims, India has not said that any of its planes have been shot down.
This post has been updated with additional comments from Pakistan’s defense minister.
Israel "supports India’s right for self defense," ambassador says
From CNN's Max Saltman
Israel’s ambassador to India said in a social media post, following India’s strikes on Pakistan, that his country “supports India’s right for self defense.”
“Terrorists should know there’s no place to hide from their heinous crimes against the innocent,” Reuven Azar wrote, adding “#OperationSindoor,” the Indian military’s codename for their strikes on Pakistani targets.
Unlike most international statements as India and Pakistan teeter on the edge of a wider conflict, the ambassador’s post does not include a call for restraint or de-escalation.
Some context: The two countries share deep military ties. India imports more weaponry from Israel than any other country, accounting for over a third of all Israeli arms exports, according to recent figures from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
The Indian government said the strikes were carried out in response to an April terror attack in India-administered Kashmir that killed at least 25 Indian citizens.
Charu Murgai, 38, a makeup artist in Delhi, said she felt “that war might make the things more terrible, for the economy, for the civilians, for the people who are going to fight for on behalf of us,” while another said she didn’t support the decision by the government to strike Pakistan.
“I want everybody to make peace. The war has started, but I want it to end soon, because it’s important for all of us,” said Muskan Maurya, a 21-year-old graduate student.
But some supported the government’s actions, with 45-year-old Monika Lakra, an educator, telling CNN she was “very happy” that the government had taken action, giving “kudos to Prime Minister Narendra Modi.”
Maurya said she doesn’t “hate the normal people of Pakistan. I would love to meet them. I would love to hang out with them, but the government of Pakistan I really hate,” she told CNN.
“It’s a very big word to say hate, but I do hate the Government of Pakistan because they have known that these terrorists can have a very big impact on the normal likes of people in Kashmir, and they still allow them to stay there.”
本文於 修改第 3 次
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印巴戰爭之各自節制-R. Butt
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India and Pakistan don’t fight wars like other countries. Here’s why
RIAZAT BUTT, AP, 05/09/25
ISLAMABAD, Pakistan (AP) — India and Pakistan have fought three full-scale wars since they gained independence from Britain in 1947. They’ve also had dozens of skirmishes and conflicts, including one atop a glacier dubbed the coldest and highest-altitude battlefield in the world.
The latest escalation follows a deadly gun attack on tourists that India blames Pakistan for — Islamabad denies any connection. But they don’t fight wars like other countries.
The dominant factor is their nuclear weapons arsenal, a distinct way of deterring major attacks and a guarantee that fighting doesn’t get out of hand, even when the situation is spiraling.
Here’s how — and why — India and Pakistan fight the way they do:
Their nuclear arsenals can destroy each other
“Pakistan and India have enough nuclear weapons to wipe the other side out several times over,” says security analyst Syed Mohammed Ali, who is based in Islamabad, the Pakistani capital. “Their nuclear weapons create a scenario for mutually assured destruction.”
Both countries have “deliberately developed” the size and range of their stockpile to remind the other about the guarantee of mutually assured destruction, he adds.
Neither country discloses their nuclear capabilities but each is thought to have between 170 and 180 warheads that are short-, long- and medium-range. Both countries have different delivery systems — ways of launching and propelling these weapons to their targets.
The arsenals are a defensive move to prevent and deter further fighting, because “neither side can afford to initiate such a war or hope to achieve anything from it,” Ali says.
It might not look this way to the outsider, but nuclear weapons are a reminder to the other side that they can't take things too far.
But the secrecy around their arsenals means that it's unclear if Pakistan or India can survive a first nuclear strike and retaliate, something called “second-strike capability.”
This capacity stops an opponent from attempting to win a nuclear war through a first strike by preventing aggression that could lead to nuclear escalation.
Without this capability, there is, in theory, nothing to stop one side from launching a warhead at the other.
Kashmir at the crux of the dispute
India and Pakistan have each laid claim to Kashmir since 1947, when both gained independence, and border skirmishes have created instability in the region for decades. Each country controls a part of Kashmir, which is divided by a heavily militarized border.
The two archrivals have also fought two of their three wars over Kashmir — a disputed Himalayan region divided between the them where armed insurgents resist Indian rule. Many Muslim Kashmiris support the rebels’ goal of uniting the territory, either under Pakistani rule or as an independent country.
Border flare-ups and militant attacks in India-controlled Kashmir have prompted New Delhi to take an increasingly tough position on Islamabad, accusing it of “terrorism.”
In the latest conflict, India punished Pakistan by hitting what it said were sites used by Pakistan-backed militants linked to a gun massacre last month.
A conventional military imbalance
India is one of the biggest defense spenders in the world, with $74.4 billion in 2025, according to the Military Balance report from the International Institute for Strategic Studies. It’s also one of the world’s largest arms importers.
Pakistan is no slouch, spending $10 billion last year, but it can never match India’s deep pockets. India also has more than double the number of active armed forces personnel than Pakistan does.
While India’s armed forces are traditionally focused on Pakistan, it has another nuclear neighbor to contend with, China, and it is increasingly concerned with maritime security in the Indian Ocean. Those are two factors that Pakistan doesn’t have to consider in its security paradigm.
Pakistan's long and narrow shape, together with the outsized role of the military in foreign policy, makes it easier to move the armed forces around and prioritize defense.
A pattern of escalation and defusing
Neither Pakistan or India are in a hurry to announce their military moves against the other and, as seen in the current flare-up of hostilities, it can take a while for confirmation of strikes and retaliation to surface.
But both launch operations into territories and airspace controlled by the other. Sometimes these are intended to damage checkpoints, installations, or sites allegedly used by militants.
They are also aimed at embarrassing or provoking — forcing leaders to bow to public pressure and respond, with the potential for miscalculation.
Many of these activities originate along the Line of Control, which divides Kashmir between India and Pakistan. It's largely inaccessible to the media and public, making it hard to independently verify claims of an attack or retaliation.
Such incidents raise international alarm, because both countries have nuclear capabilities, forcing attention back to India and Pakistan and, eventually, their competing claims over Kashmir.
The fear of nuclear war has put the two countries at the top of the agenda, competing with the papal conclave, U.S. President Donald Trump’s policies, and the Sean “Diddy” Combs trial in the news cycle.
No desire for conquest, influence or resources
Pakistan and India’s battles and skirmishes are away from the public eye.
Strikes and retaliation are late at night or early in the morning and, with the exception of the drone attacks on Thursday, they mostly take place away from densely populated urban centers. It shows that neither country has the desire to significantly harm the other’s population. Attacks are either described as surgical or limited.
Neither country is motivated by competition for resources. Pakistan has huge mineral wealth, but India isn't interested in these and, while there are stark ideological differences between Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan, they don’t seek control or influence over the other.
Other than Kashmir, they have no interest in claiming the other’s territory or exercising dominance.
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