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青年失業將引發政治危機-彭博社
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China’s Jobless Youths May Pose Political Risk, Top Adviser Says
* Economist warns young people becoming pressure spot in society
* Report says Covid controls diminished faith in rule of law
彭博社，07/03/23
(Bloomberg) -- China’s growing youth unemployment rate could trigger political problems if not properly handled, warned a prominent economist who has advised President Xi Jinping’s government.
“The issue of youth unemployment will likely continue for the next decade and continue to worsen in the short term,” said Liu Yuanchun, who has provided guidance to Beijing on the economy, including by giving a lecture to the top decision-making Politburo in April 2022.
“If not handled properly, it will spark other social problems beyond the economic arena, even becoming a trigger for political problems,” he said in a joint report published last week by a Renmin University of China think tank, China Macroeconomy Forum (中國宏觀經濟研究論壇).
Screenshots of the 110-page document were shared on China’s Twitter-like Weibo over the weekend, with users highlighting the authors’ warnings on political risks.
Last year, Xi faced the biggest challenge to Communist Party power during his decade-plus tenure, when nationwide protests — led by students — erupted over strict Covid Zero rules, with some calling for the Chinese leader to step down.
China’s unemployment rate among those aged between 16 and 24 reached a record of 20.8% in May. The nation’s slowing economy combined with a flood of new graduates in the market are handing policymakers a challenge with few easy fixes.
China’s youth unemployment rate stems from a stagnating private sector scarred by Covid restrictions, according to the report authors, who also include Liu Xiaoguang, of Renmin University, and Yan Yan, from China Chengxin International Credit Rating Co.
“Adopting subsidy policies alone cannot fundamentally resolve the issue of insufficient private investment,” the authors wrote. “The key lies in improving the rule of law, and improving the protection of private property rights, to make up for people’s loss of confidence in the rule of law since the pandemic.”
China imposed some of the world’s harshest anti-epidemic controls. In Shanghai, authorities put its 25 million residents under lockdown for nearly two months, erecting metal barriers outside residential compounds in a bid to eradicate community infections. Pandemic control enforcers even went into people’s homes to disinfect their clothes and furniture, with residents challenging the legality and scientific value of the practice.
Liu and his co-authors identified a clear way to defuse the pressure building among unemployed young people: “A more robust economic recovery and labor market recovery are needed.”
— With assistance by Xiao Zibang and Jing Li
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《青年失業可能引發政治危機》譯述與補充
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根據劉元春教授等對「青年失業問題」的研究報告，建議政府從以下層面入手來解決此議題：
1) 經濟蓬勃成長；
2) 勞工市場蓬勃成長。
要做到以上兩點，劉元春教授等指出：
政府補貼只能治標，要根本解決問題必須依靠私人企業的蓬勃發展。而以下兩個前置條件不可或缺：
a) 強化法治社會；
b) 保障私人財產權。
針對私人企業，我補充兩點：
第一要去除「號稱法治」的苛政和陋習；
第二要建立初步的「民主政治」機制，並在此機制下，開放、鼓勵、和扶植中、小企業發展。
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無言的抗議：中國應屆大專畢業生反應失業議題-Michelle De Pacina
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請至原網頁觀看照片。
Chinese students post unflattering graduation photos to reflect reality of China's job market
Michelle De Pacina, 《下一尾鯊魚》，07/04/23
Instead of holding flowers or throwing their caps into the air, Chinese graduates are posting photos of themselves lying on the ground to reflect their feelings toward entering a tough job market.
About the trend: The viral trend shows fresh graduates draped over bridges and chairs, lying face down on the ground or throwing their certificates — or even themselves — into the trash.
The ironic photos echo back to the country’s “lying flat” movement, a deliberate act of frustration and rejection of the notorious rat race among jaded youth. Young Chinese workers have also been embracing an attitude of doing less due to China’s hectic work culture.
Tough employment: The unflattering graduation photos highlight the fact that 11.6 million students will now be facing tough employment competition as urban youth unemployment in the nation has hit a record level for the second consecutive month.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the unemployment rate for those aged between 16 and 24 rose to 20.8% in May.
The increase in competition due to the influx of new job hunters creates a discouraging and exhausting picture for students, who have just survived the nation’s notoriously difficult education system.
While Chinese students have been more encouraged to pursue degrees in the last decade, undergraduate or master’s degrees do not guarantee jobs today in the country’s slowing economy, leading fresh graduates to feel depleted.
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