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烏軍反攻序幕展開 – ABC 新聞
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準備、蘊釀、揚言、宣傳、期待、... 已久的烏軍反攻終於揭開序幕。有報導說：俄軍頑強抵抗；烏軍損失慘重。另有報導說：烏軍反攻戰況優於預期。
戰爭造成的傷害與損失都不是一般人民能夠承受。而戰爭從來不能解決爭端；它只能轉化爭端的形式，和延長爭端的時間。希望這場戰爭能夠早日藉由協商方式，得到一個各方能勉強接受的方案。
Ukraine begins counteroffensive against Russia, officials say
TOM SOUFI BURRIDGE, OLEKSIY PSHEMYSKIY and YULIA DROZD, 06/08/23
Ukraine on Thursday began its long-awaited counteroffensive against Russia, officials told ABC News.
Well-trained Ukrainian troops had been gathering at strategic locations near the front lines in recent days, Western officials said last week.
Two Ukrainian officials, including a source close to President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, confirmed to ABC News that an active phase of the Ukrainian counteroffensive is underway.
Arguably, Ukraine's counteroffensive was getting going a few days ago, and the Institute for the Study of War said as much on Monday, saying on Twitter that "Russian and Ukrainian officials are signaling the start of the Ukrainian counteroffensive."
However there have been significant developments over the past few hours. Multiple reports said a major battle has begun in southeastern Ukraine, south of the major Ukrainian city of Zaporizhzhia.
Well-placed unofficial pro-Ukrainian sources have said the southeastern front is becoming more active and there are unconfirmed images and reports that Ukraine's new modern German-made Leopard 2 tanks are involved in the offensive.
This morning the head of Russia's Wagner mercenary group, Yevgeny Prigozhin, said "the events that are happening now on the front line signal the start of the offensive and Ukraine will intensify its efforts."
This is a developing story. Please check back for updates.
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俄烏戰況 -- Ryan Pickrell
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* 烏軍在戰線多處展開攻擊；部分戰場略有斬獲，部分戰場則遭遇頑強抵抗。
* 烏軍尚未選定主戰場；雙方仍在試探對方配置、實力、意向、和誘敵階段。
* 當烏軍大型裝甲部隊整編為攻擊隊形時，才是主力反攻前奏。
* 雙方此階段中在人員與狀裝備兩方面都承受重大損失。
Ukraine appears to be playing a deadly 'game' as the big counteroffensive gets underway, and its main attack is likely still to come
Ryan Pickrell, 06/13/23
* Ukrainian counteroffensive operations are happening at various points along the front lines with mixed results.
* But the main attack likely hasn't started yet as each side tries to outfox the other, experts say.
* One expert, a retired US general, says big armor formations may signal the start of the main effort.
Ukraine's forces are conducting counteroffensive operations, even achieving some breakthroughs, but we haven't yet seen a hammer blow to Russian lines.
Both sides, but Ukraine in particular, look to be playing a deadly "game" aimed at getting a read on the threat, as well as misleading and misdirecting the enemy, and the main attack is likely still to come, experts say.
The early stages of the Ukrainian offensive have been marked by limited but not insignificant pushes at various points along the front lines. Some of these efforts have yielded modest gains, even liberating some front-line villages, but other pushes have hit heavier resistance, what Ukrainian leadership has described as "tough battles."
As was expected, these opening moves have come at a cost of both people and equipment, including some of the newer weapons Ukraine only recently acquired from the country's Western partners, like the German-made Leopard tanks and American-made Bradley infantry fighting vehicles.
Russian forces, though unable to man every position along the front at full strength, are dug in, with an extensive network of trenches, minefields, and vehicle and infantry barriers like dragon's teeth and razor wire creating a complex, layered defense that presents a difficult obstacle for Ukraine.
Furthermore, Kyiv's forces are attempting to employ new weapons and tactics in a hard offensive fight without air support, and the Russians are, in some places, mounting a sound defense consistent with their military doctrine.
But this new phase of the war in which Ukraine is taking the fight to the invading Russian army is really just getting started, and while there has been speculation about Ukraine's objectives, the main line of effort is unclear, perhaps purposefully so.
"With their operations, the Ukrainians seek to play this shell game, this three-card Monte game, where they're trying to use surprise and deception to get the Russians to commit to decisively defending certain parts of the theater at the expense of others," Institute for the Study of War analyst George Barros told Foreign Policy on Friday.
Barros said "the actual intended main Ukrainian effort," whenever it comes, "is going to attack something else." Others have made similar observations as counteroffensive operations continue.
"We haven't committed our main forces," a source in Ukraine's General Staff told The Economist Sunday, adding that "the Russians haven't committed their main forces."
He said the Ukrainian and the Russian forces are playing a "chess game" aimed at drawing out the enemy, specifically those reserve forces needed to sustain a fight.
The Ukrainian military appears to have formed a dozen counteroffensive brigades, somewhere around nine of which are equipped with Western weapons, and they seem "to have committed only a portion of the large reserve of forces available for counteroffensive operations," ISW said last week in an update on the war.
Expert observers predicted weeks ago that the deployment of Western heavy armor would be a telltale sign the counteroffensive had begun, and that largely proved to be the case. The main attack, according to a former US Army general, will likely also be identifiable by armored vehicles — but a lot of them.
Retired Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges, a former US Army Europe commanding general, wrote in a Sunday Center for European Policy Analysis article that "there is a big difference between starting an offensive" and "the main attack."
"The offensive has clearly started," he observed, "but not I think the main attack."
He said he suspects a powerful attack by at least three armored brigades (裝甲旅) consisting of hundreds of armored vehicles, from tanks to infantry fighting vehicles to troop carriers, against a narrow section of the front will signal the beginning of the main attack, the effectiveness of which remains to be seen.
But even if we see those large armor formations, "be careful," Hodges cautioned, arguing "the Ukrainian General Staff will want to keep the Russians guessing about the location of the main attack for as long as possible."
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